caught a fever, of which he d. April 4.  With all his serious and very obvious faults—­his reckless improvidence, his vanity, and, in his earlier years at any rate, his dissipated habits—­G. is one of the most lovable characters in English literature, and one whose writings show most of himself—­his humanity, his bright and spontaneous humour, and “the kindest heart in the world.”  His friends included some of the best and greatest men in England, among them Johnson, Burke, and Reynolds.  They all, doubtless, laughed at and made a butt of him, but they all admired and loved him.  At the news of his death Burke burst into tears, Reynolds laid down his brush and painted no more that day, and Johnson wrote an imperishable epitaph on him.  The poor, the old, and the outcast crowded the stair leading to his lodgings, and wept for the benefactor who had never refused to share what he had (often little enough) with them.  Much of his work—­written at high pressure for the means of existence, or to satisfy the urgency of duns—­his histories, his Animated Nature, and such like, have, apart from a certain charm of style which no work of his could be without, little permanent value; but The Traveller and The Deserted Village, She Stoops to Conquer, and, above all, The Vicar of Wakefield, will keep his memory dear to all future readers of English.

SUMMARY.—­B. 1728, ed. Trinity Coll., Dublin, went to Edin. 1752, and to Leyden 1754, travelled on foot over large part of Continent, reached London 1756, and wrote for magazines, etc., and after publishing various other works produced The Citizen of the World in 1762, pub. Vicar of Wakefield 1766, Deserted Village 1770, and She Stoops to Conquer 1773, d. 1774.

There are many ed. of G.’s works by Prior, 1837, Cunningham, 1854, Prof.  Masson (Globe), 1869, Gibb (Bohn’s Standard Library), 1885.  Biographies by Prior, 1837, Foster, 1848-71, Washington Irving, and others. See also Boswell’s Johnson, and Thackeray’s English Humorists.

GOODALL, WALTER (1706?-1766).—­Historical writer, b. in Banffshire, and ed. King’s Coll., Aberdeen, became assistant librarian to the Advocates’ Library in Edin.  In 1754 he pub. an Examination of the Letters said to have been written by Mary Queen of Scots, in which he combats the genuineness of the “Casket Letters.”  He also ed., among other works, Fordun’s Scotichronicon (1759).

GOODWIN, THOMAS (1600-1680).—­Divine, was b. in Norfolk, and ed. at Camb., where he was Vicar of Trinity Church.  Becoming an Independent, he ministered to a church in London, and thereafter at Arnheim in Holland.  Returning to England he was made Chaplain to Cromwell’s Council of State, and Pres. of Magdalen Coll., Oxf.  At the Restoration he was deprived, but continued to preach in London.  He was the author of various commentaries and controversial pamphlets, was a member of the Westminster Assembly, and assisted in drawing up the amended Confession, 1658.  He attended Oliver Cromwell on his deathbed.