Wives and Daughters (1865), which appeared in the Cornhill Magazine, and was left unfinished.  Mrs. G. had some of the characteristics of Miss Austen, and if her style and delineation of character are less minutely perfect, they are, on the other hand, imbued with a deeper vein of feeling.  She was the friend of Charlotte Bronte (q.v.), to whom her sympathy brought much comfort, and whose Life she wrote.  Of Cranford Lord Houghton wrote, “It is the finest piece of humoristic description that has been added to British literature since Charles Lamb.”

GATTY, MRS. ALFRED (MARGARET SCOTT) (1809-1873).—­Dau. of Rev. A.J.  Scott, D.D., a navy chaplain, who served under, and was the trusted friend of, Nelson.  She m. the Rev. Alfred Gatty, D.D., Ecclesfield, Yorkshire, and became a highly useful and popular writer of tales for young people.  Among her books may be mentioned Parables from Nature, Worlds not Realised, Proverbs Illustrated, and Aunt Judy’s Tales.  She also conducted Aunt Judy’s Magazine, and wrote a book on British sea-weeds.  Juliana Ewing (q.v.) was her daughter.

GAUDEN, JOHN (1605-1662).—­Theologian, b. at Mayfield in Essex, and ed. at Camb.  His claim to remembrance rests on his being the reputed author of Eikon Basilike (the Royal Image), a book purporting to be written by Charles I. during his imprisonment, and containing religious meditations and defences of his political acts. Pub. immediately after the King’s execution, it produced an extraordinary effect, so much so that Charles II. is reported to have said that, had it been pub. a week earlier, it would have saved his father’s life.  There seems now to be little doubt that Gauden was the author.  At all events he claimed to be recompensed for his services, and was made Bishop successively of Exeter and Worcester, apparently on the strength of these claims.  The work passed through 50 ed. within a year, and was answered by Milton in his Iconoclastes (the Image-breaker).

GAY, JOHN (1685-1732).—­Poet and dramatist, b. near Barnstaple of a good but decayed family.  His parents dying while he was a child he was apprenticed to a silk-mercer in London, but not liking the trade, was released by his master.  In 1708 he pub. a poem, Wine, and in 1713 Rural Sports, which he dedicated to Pope, whose friendship he obtained.  A little before this he had received an appointment as sec. in the household of the Duchess of Monmouth.  His next attempts were in the drama, in which he was not at first successful; but about 1714 he made his first decided hit in The Shepherd’s Week, a set of six pastorals designed to satirise Ambrose Philips, which, however, secured public approval on their own merits.  These were followed by Trivia (1716), in which he was aided by Swift, an account in mock heroic verse of the dangers of the London