Chireira, running through the country of Bororo[387], in which country are many other large rivers, on the banks of which dwell many kings, some of whom are independent, and others are subject to Monomotapa.  The most powerful of the independent kings is he of Mongas, bordering on the Cuama or Zambeze, which falls into the sea by four mouths between Mozambique and Sofala.  The first or most northerly of these mouths is that of Quilimane, ninety leagues from Mozambique; the second or Cuama is five leagues farther south; the third Luabo five leagues lower; and the fourth named Luabol five leagues more to the south.  Between these mouths are three large and fertile islands; the middle one, named Chingoma, is sixty leagues in circumference.  This great river is navigable for sixty leagues upwards to the town of Sena, inhabited by the Portuguese, and as much farther to Tete, another Portuguese colony [388].  The richest mines are those of Massapa, called Anfur[389], the Ophir whence the queen of Sheba had the riches she carried to Jerusalem.  In these mines it is said, that one lump of gold has been found worth 12,000 ducats, and another worth 40,000.  The gold is not only found among the earth and stones, but even grows up within the bark of several trees as high as where the branches spread out to form the tops.  The mines of Manchica and Butica are not much inferior to those of Massapa and Fura, and there are many others not so considerable.  There are three fairs or markets which the Portuguese frequent for this trade of gold from the castle of Tete on the river Zambeze.  The first of these is Luanze, four days journey inland from that place [390].  The second is Bacuto [391] farther off; and the third Massapa still farther [392].  At these fairs the gold is procured in exchange for coarse cloth, glass beads, and other articles of small value among us.  A Portuguese officer, appointed by the commander of Mozambique, resides at Massapa with the permission of the emperor of Monomotapa, but under the express condition of not going into the country, under pain of death.  He acts as judge of the differences that arise there.  There are churches belonging to the Dominicans at Massapa, Bacuto, and Luanze.  The origin, number, and chronology of the kings of Mohomotapa are not known, though it is believed there were kings here in the time of the queen of Sheba, and that they were subject to her, as she got her gold from thence.  In the mountain of Anfur or Fura, near Massapa, there are the ruins of stately buildings, supposed to be those of palaces and castles.  In process of time this great empire was divided into three kingdoms, called Quiteve, Sabanda, and Chicanga[393], which last is the most powerful, as possessing the mines of Manica, Butua, and others.  It is believed that the negroes of Butua, in the kingdom of Chicanga, are those who bring gold to Angola, as these two countries