“In the opposite case the negative deduction is enjoined.

“It is by deductions from the most ordinary facts that one succeeds in making common sense intervene automatically in all our judgments.

“What would be thought of one who, finding himself in a forest at the time of a violent storm, would reason as follows: 

“First:  The high summits attract lightning.

“Secondly:  Here is a giant tree.

“Thirdly:  I’m going to take refuge there.

“Then it is that common sense demands that the state his three propositions as follows: 

“First:  High summits attract lightning.

“Secondly:  Here is a giant tree.

“Thirdly:  I’m going to avoid its proximity because it will surely be dangerous.

“If he acted otherwise; if, in spite of his knowledge of the danger, he took shelter under the branches of the gigantic tree, exposing himself to be struck by lightning, one could, in this case, only reproach him with imprudence and lay the blame to the lack of common sense which allowed him to perform the act that logic condemned.”

Now the old Nippon speaks to us of the means to employ, that we may avoid pronouncing too hasty judgments, which are always, of necessity, weakened by a too great indulgence for ourselves and at the same time too great a severity for others.

“I was walking one day,” said he, “on the shores of a lake, when I discovered a man sitting at the foot of a bamboo tree, in an attitude of the greatest despair.

“Approaching him, I asked him the cause of his grief.

“‘Alas!’ said he to me, ’the gods are against me; everything which I undertake fails, and all evils crush me.

“’After the one which has just befallen me only one course of action is left to me, to throw myself in the lake.  But I am young, and I am weeping for myself before resolving to take such a step.’

“And he related to me how, after many attempts without success, he had at last gained a certain sum of money, the loss of which he had just experienced.

“In what way did you lose it?” I asked him.

“‘I put it in this bag.’

“‘Has some one stolen it?’

“‘No, it has slipt through this rent.’

“And he showed me a bag, whose ragged condition confirmed, and at the same time illustrated his statement.

“‘Listen,’ said I, sitting down beside him, ’you are simply devoid of common sense, by invoking the hatred of the gods!  You alone are the cause of your present misery.

“’If you had simply reasoned before placing your money in this bag, this would not have happened to you.’

“And as he opened his eyes wide: 

“‘You would have thought this,’ I resumed: 

“’The material, very much worn, is incapable of standing any weight without tearing.

“’Now, the money which I possess is heavy, my bag is worn out.