as claimed by the United States.  Lord Ashburton and Mr. Webster readily agreed that a treaty must come from mutual conciliation and compromise; but, after a good deal of correspondence, it became apparent that the Maine commissioners and the English envoy could not be brought to an agreement.  A dead-lock and consequent loss of the treaty were imminent.  Mr. Webster then had a long interview with Lord Ashburton.  By a process of give and take they agreed on a conventional line and on the concession of certain rights, which made a fair bargain, but unluckily the loss was suffered by Maine and Massachusetts, while the benefits received by the United States accrued to New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire.  This brought the negotiators to the point at which they had already been forced to halt so many times before.  Mr. Webster now cut the knot by proposing that the United States should indemnify Maine and Massachusetts in money for the loss they were to suffer in territory, and by his dexterous management the commissioners of the two States were persuaded to assent to this arrangement, while Lord Ashburton was induced to admit the agreement into a clause of the treaty.  This disposed of the chief question in dispute, but two other subjects were included in the treaty besides the boundary.  The first related to the right of search claimed by England for the suppression of the slave-trade.  This was met by what was called the “Cruising Convention,” a clause which stipulated that each nation should keep its own squadron on the coast of Africa, to enforce separately its own laws against the slave-trade, but in mutual cooeperation.  The other subject of agreement grew out of the Creole case.  England supposed that we sought the return of the negroes because they were slaves, but Mr. Webster argued that they were demanded as mutineers and murderers.  The result was an article which, while it carefully avoided even the appearance of an attempt to bind England to return fugitive slaves, provided amply for the extradition of criminals.  The case of the Caroline was disposed of by a formal admission of the inviolability of national territory and by an apology for the burning of the steamboat.  As to the action in regard to the slaves on the Creole, Mr. Webster could only obtain the assurance that there should be “no officious interference with American vessels driven by accident or violence into British ports,” and with this he was content to let the matter drop.  On the subject of impressment, the old casus belli of 1812, Mr. Webster wrote a forcible letter to Lord Ashburton.  In it he said that, in future, “in every regularly-documented American merchant vessel, the crew who navigate it will find their protection in the flag which is over them.”  In other words, if you take sailors out of our vessels, we shall fight; and this simple statement of fact ended the whole matter and was quite as binding on England as any treaty could have been.