bottom.  The foul weather prevented any accurate calculation of latitude and longitude, and they were so far out in their reckoning that when they caught sight of land on the 9th of November, it was to Cape Cod that they had come.  Their patent gave them no authority to settle here, as it was beyond the jurisdiction of the London Company.  They turned their prow southward, but encountering perilous shoals and a stiff headwind they desisted and sought shelter in Cape Cod bay.  On the 11th they decided to find some place of abode in this neighbourhood, anticipating no difficulty in getting a patent from the Plymouth Company, which was anxious to obtain settlers.  For five weeks they stayed in the ship while little parties were exploring the coast and deciding upon the best site for a town.  It was purely a coincidence that the spot which they chose had already received from John Smith the name of Plymouth, the beautiful port in Devonshire from which the Mayflower had sailed. [Sidenote:  Founding of Plymouth]

There was not much to remind them of home in the snow-covered coast on which they landed.  They had hoped to get their rude houses built before the winter should set in, but the many delays and mishaps had served to bring them ashore in the coldest season.  When the long winter came to an end, fifty-one of the hundred Pilgrims had died,—­a mortality even greater than that before which the Popham colony had succumbed.  But Brewster spoke truth when he said, “It is not with us as with men whom small things can discourage or small discontentments cause to wish themselves at home again.”  At one time the living were scarcely able to bury the dead; only Brewster, Standish, and five other hardy ones were well enough to get about.  At first they were crowded under a single roof, and as glimpses were caught of dusky savages skulking among the trees, a platform was built on the nearest hill and a few cannon were placed there in such wise as to command the neighbouring valleys and plains.  By the end of the first summer the platform had grown to a fortress, down from which to the harbour led a village street with seven houses finished and others going up.  Twenty-six acres had been cleared, and a plentiful harvest gathered in; venison, wild fowl, and fish were easy to obtain.  When provisions and fuel had been laid in for the ensuing winter, Governor Bradford appointed a day of Thanksgiving.  Town-meetings had already been held, and a few laws passed.  The history of New England had begun.

This had evidently been a busy summer for the forty-nine survivors.  On the 9th of November, the anniversary of the day on which they had sighted land, a ship was descried in the offing.  She was the Fortune, bringing some fifty more of the Leyden company.  It was a welcome reinforcement, but it diminished the rations of food that could be served during the winter, for the Fortune was not well supplied.  When she set sail for England, she carried a little cargo of beaver-skins and choice wood for wainscoting to the value of L500 sterling, as a first instalment of the sum due to the merchant adventurers.  But this cargo never reached England, for the Fortune was overhauled by a French cruiser and robbed of everything worth carrying away.