country? or soldiers, who have rejected the command
and authority of your general, and violated the solemn
obligation of your oath? Can I call you enemies?
I recognise the persons, faces, dress, and mien of
fellow countrymen; but I perceive the actions, expressions,
intentions, and feelings of enemies. For what
have you wished and hoped for, but what the Ilergetians
and Lacetanians did. Yet they followed Mandonius
and Indibilis, men of royal rank, who were the leaders
of their mad project; you conferred the auspices and
command upon the Umbrian, Atrius, and the Calenian,
Albius. Deny, soldiers, that you were all concerned
in this measure, or that you approved of it when taken.
I shall willingly believe, when you disclaim it, that
it was the folly and madness of a few. For the
acts which have been committed are of such a nature,
that, if the whole army participated in them, they
could not be expiated without atonements of tremendous
magnitude. Upon these points, like wounds, I
touch with reluctance; but unless touched and handled,
they cannot be cured. For my own part, I believed
that, after the Carthaginians were expelled from Spain,
there was not a place in the whole province where,
or any persons to whom, my life was obnoxious; such
was the manner in which I had conducted myself, not
only towards my allies, but even towards my enemies.
But lo, even in my own camp, so much was I deceived
in my opinion, the report of my death was not only
readily believed, but anxiously waited for. Not
that I wish to implicate you all in this enormity;
for, be assured, if I supposed that the whole of my
army desired my death, I would here immediately expire
before your eyes; nor could I take any pleasure in
a life which was odious to my countrymen and my soldiers.
But every multitude is in its nature like the ocean;
which, though in itself incapable of motion, is excited
by storms and winds. So, also, in yourselves
there is calm and there are storms; but the cause
and origin of your fury is entirely attributable to
those who led you on; you have caught your madness
by contagion. Nay, even this day you do not appear
to me to be aware to what a pitch of phrensy you have
proceeded; what a heinous crime you have dared to
commit against myself, your country, your parents,
your children; against the gods, the witnesses of
your oath; against the auspices under which you serve;
against the laws of war, the discipline of your ancestors,
and the majesty of the highest authority. With
regard to myself, I say nothing. You may have
believed the report of my death rather inconsiderately
than eagerly. Lastly, suppose me to be such a
man that it could not at all be a matter of astonishment
that my army should be weary of my command, yet what
had your country deserved of you, which you betrayed
by making common cause with Mandonius and Indibilis?
What the Roman people, when, taking the command from
the tribunes appointed by their suffrages, you conferred
it on private men? When, not content even with


