every state in Spain would certainly have resumed
new courage, had not the other praetor, Publius Cornelius
Scipio, son of Cneius, been successful in several
engagements on the other side of the Iberus; and,
by these means, diffused such a general terror, that
no less than fifty towns came over to his side.
These exploits Scipio performed in his praetorship.
Afterwards, when propraetor, as the Lusitanians, after
ravaging the farther Province, were returning home,
with an immense booty, he attacked them on their march,
and continued the engagement from the third hour of
the day to the eighth, before any advantage was gained
on either side. He was inferior to the enemy in
number of men, but he had the advantage of them in
other respects: with his troops formed in a compact
body he attacked a long train, encumbered with multitudes
of cattle; and with his soldiers fresh, engaged men,
fatigued by a long march; for the enemy had set out
at the third watch, and besides travelling the remainder
of the night, had continued their route to the third
hour of the day; nor had they been allowed any rest,
as the battle immediately succeeded the toil of the
march. Wherefore, though at the beginning they
retained some vigour of body and spirits, and, at
first, threw the Romans into disorder, yet, after
some time, the fight became equal. In this critical
situation the propraetor made a vow to celebrate games
in honour of Jupiter, in case he should defeat and
cut off the enemy. The Romans then made a more
vigorous push, and the Lusitanians gave way, and,
in a little time, turned their backs. As the victors
pursued them briskly, no less than twelve thousand
of them were slain, and five hundred and forty taken
prisoners, most of whom were horsemen. There
were taken, besides, a hundred and thirty-four military
standards. Of the Roman army, but seventy-three
men were lost. The battle was fought at a small
distance from the city of Ilipa. Thither Publius
Cornelius led back his victorious army, amply enriched
with spoil; all which was exposed to view under the
walls of the town, and permission given to the owners
to claim their effects. The remainder was put
into the hands of the quaestor to be sold, and the
money produced by the sale was distributed among the
soldiers.
2. At the time when these occurrences happened
in Spain, Caius Flaminius, the praetor, had not yet
set out from Rome: therefore these events, as
well prosperous as adverse, were reported by himself
and his friends in the strongest representations;
and he laboured to persuade the senate, that, as a
very formidable war had blazed out in his province,
and he was likely to receive from Sextus Digitius a
very small remnant of an army, and that, too, terrified
and disheartened they ought to decree one of the city
legions to him, in order that, when he should have
united to it the soldiers levied by himself, pursuant
to the decree of the senate, he might select from the
whole number six thousand five hundred foot and three