country.  Then, while encamping, Marcellus, by attacking the workmen on all hands, prevented the completion of his works.  Thus a pitched battle ensued, and all their forces were brought into action; but night coming on, they retired from an equal contest.  They then hastily fortified their camps, which were a small space apart, before night.  The next day, as soon as it was light, Marcellus led out his troops into the field; nor did Hannibal decline the challenge, but exhorted his soldiers at great length, desiring them “to remember Trasimenus and Cannae, and thus quell the proud spirit of their enemies.”  He said, “the enemy pressed upon him, and trod upon their heels; that he did not allow them to pass unmolested, pitch their camp, or even take breath and look around them; that every day, the rising sun and the Roman troops in battle-array were to be seen together on the plains.  But if in one battle he should retire from the field, not without loss of blood, he would then prosecute the war more steadily and quietly.”  Fired by these exhortations, and at the same time wearied with the presumption of the enemy, who daily pressed upon them and provoked them to an engagement, they commenced the battle with spirit.  The battle continued for more than two hours, when the right wing of the allies and the chosen band began to give way on the part of the Romans; which Marcellus perceiving, led the eighteenth legion to the front.  While some were retiring in confusion, and others were coming up reluctantly, the whole line was thrown into disorder, and afterwards completely routed; while their fears getting the better of their sense of shame, they turned their backs.  In the battle and in the flight there fell as many as two thousand seven hundred of the citizens and allies; among which were four Roman centurions and two military tribunes, Marcus Licinius and Marcus Helvius.  Four military standards were lost by the wing which first fled, and two belonging to the legion which came up in place of the retiring allies.

13.  Marcellus, on his return to the camp, delivered an address to his soldiers so severe and acrimonious, that the words of their exasperated general were more painful to them than what they had suffered in the unsuccessful battle during the whole day.  “I praise and thank the immortal gods,” said he “that in such an affair the victorious enemy did not assail our very camp, when you were hurrying into the rampart and the gates with such consternation.  There can be no doubt but you would have abandoned the camp with the same cowardice with which you gave up the battle.  What panic was this?  What terror?  What sudden forgetfulness of who you are, and who the persons with whom you were fighting, took possession of your minds?  Surely these are the same enemies in conquering and pursuing whom when conquered you spent the preceding summer; whom latterly you have been closely pursuing while they fled before you night and day; whom you have wearied by partial