1.  E. crystallina, Gray, l.c.

Cells in pairs; three spines on the outer edge, the central usually the longest and strongest.

Habitat:  Bass Strait, 45 fathoms.

Parasitic upon Polyzoa, etc. circinate branched—­branches irregular divaricate.  The opening of the cell triangular, very obliquely placed.

2.  Emma tricellata, n. sp.

Cells in triplets; three or four long spines on the upper and outer part; a small spine on the inner and lower part of the edge of the opening.

Habitat:  Bass Strait.

Parasitic upon Catenicella, etc.  Habit long straggling, very like the preceding species.  The cells are more infundibuliform, and the avicularium, which, as in E. crystallina is not always present, is larger, but occupies the same position on the cell.

2.  Polyzoary continuous throughout.

Fam. 3.  BICELLARIADAE.  Frond wholly divided into narrow ligulate, dichotomous, bi or multiserial branches; no vibracula.  Avicularia when present pedunculate.

14.  BICELLARIA, Blainville.

Character. (B.) Cells turbinate, distant.  Opening directed more or less upwards.  Mouth submarginal.  Several curved spines, marginal or submarginal.

1.  B. tuba, n. sp.

Opening round, looking nearly directly upwards; a digitiform hollow process below the outer border supporting 2 to 4 long incurved spines; 2 to 3 other long curved submarginal spines behind or above the opening, none below it in front—­a solitary spine on the back a short way down the cell.  Avicularia very long, trumpet-shaped, arising on the back of the cell.

Habitat:  Bass Strait, 45 fathoms.

This species is at once recognisable by the remarkable form and unusual position of the avicularium, and also by the peculiar digitiform spiniferous process on the outer side of the opening.

2.  B. gracilis, n. sp.

Cells elongated, slender, opening round or suboval, looking obliquely forwards and upwards; three marginal (sometimes slightly submarginal) spines above and behind the opening, and two much longer curved hair-like spines arising from the anterior and lower edge of the opening.  Ovicells globose, subpedunculate, attached to the upper and inner part of the margin of the opening.  Avicularia small, like birds’ heads.

Habitat:  Bass Strait.

A delicate slender species, not unlike B. ciliata or avicularis in habit.  The two long spines arising from the anterior edge of the opening suffice to distinguish it from the former of these two species.

3.  B. grandis, n. sp.

Cells much elongated outwards, horizontal or projecting portion oblong, rounded at the extremity; 2 to 5 long curved submarginal spines, externally a single dorsal spine about halfway down the cell; opening oval, narrower outwards; very oblique mouth at the outer end.  Avicularia ——­ ?

Habitat:  Bass Strait, 45 fathoms.