BARCLAY DE TOLLY, a Russian general and field-marshal, of Scottish descent, and of the same family as Robert Barclay the Quaker; distinguished in successive Russian wars; his promotion rapid, in spite of his unpopularity as German born; on Napoleon’s invasion of Russia his tactic was to retreat till forced to fight at Smolensk; he was defeated, and superseded in command by Kutusow; on the latter’s death was made commander-in-chief; commanded the Russians at Dresden and Leipzig, and led them into France in 1815; he was afterwards Minister of War at St. Petersburg, and elevated to the rank of prince (1761-1818).

BARD OF AVON, Shakespeare; OF AYRSHIRE, Burns; OF HOPE,
Campbell; OF IMAGINATION, Akenside; OF MEMORY, Rogers; OF
OLNEY, Cowper; OF RYDAL MOUNT, Wordsworth; OF TWICKENHAM,
Pope.

BARDELL`, MRS., a widow in the “Pickwick Papers,” who sues Pickwick for breach of promise.

BARDOLPH, a drunken, swaggering, worthless follower of Falstaff’s.

BARDON HILL, a hill in Leicestershire, from which one can see right across England.

BAR-DURANI, the collective name of a number of Afghan tribes between the Hindu-Kush and the Soliman Mountains.

BAREBONE’S PARLIAMENT, Cromwell’s Little Parliament, met 4th July 1653; derisively called Barebone’s Parliament, from one Praise-God Barebone, a member of it.  “If not the remarkablest Assembly, yet the Assembly for the remarkablest purpose,” says Carlyle, “that ever met in the modern world; the business being no less than introducing of the Christian religion into real practice in the social affairs of this nation....  In this it failed, could not but fail, with what we call the Devil and all his angels against it, and the Little Parliament had to go its ways again,” 12th December in the same year.

BAREGES, a village on the Hautes-Pyrenees, at 4000 ft. above the sea-level, resorted to for its mineral waters.

BAREILLY (121), a city in NW.  India, the chief town in Rohilkhand, 153 m.  E. of Delhi, notable as the place where the Mutiny of 1858 first broke out.

BARENTZ, an Arctic explorer, born in Friesland; discovered Spitzbergen, and doubled the NE. extremity of Nova Zembla, in 1596, and died the same year.

BARERE, French revolutionary, a member of the States-General, the National Assembly of France, and the Convention; voted in the Convention for the execution of the king, uttering the oft-quoted words, “The tree of Liberty thrives only when watered by the blood of tyrants;” escaped the fate of his associates; became a spy under Napoleon; was called by Burke, from his flowery oratory, the Anacreon of the Guillotine, and by Mercier, “the greatest liar in France;” he was inventor of the famous fable “his masterpiece,” of the “Sinking of the Vengeur,” “the largest, most inspiring piece of blaque manufactured, for some centuries, by any man or nation;” died in beggary (1755-1841).  See VENGEUR.