[23] Lists of “furniture,” implements and books will be found in the metropolitan or diocesan injunctions of the time.  A typical one is given in Barnes’ Eccles.  Proc., 25, entitled “The furnitures, implements and bookes requisite to be had in every churche, and so commaunded by publique aucthoritie” (1577).  Cf.  Cardwell, Doc.  Ann., i, 287 ff. ("Advertisements partly for due order in the publique administration of common prayers [etc.] ...”  Jan., 1564).

[24] Warrington Deanery Visit., 184.

[25] That is, Bishop John Jewel’s Apologia Ecclesiae Anglicanae, published in 1560, and his Defence of the Apology, published in 1567, sometimes called in the act-books and wardens accounts (where both works are frequently mentioned) The Reply to Mr. Harding.

[26] Barnes’ Eccles.  Proc., 116.

[27] J.L.  Glasscoek, The Records of St. Michael’s, Bishop Stortford (1882), 63.  See also Minchinhampton (Gloucester) Acc’ts, Archaeologia, xxxv, 422 ff. ("Allowynge the regester booke.” 1575). Shrop.  Arch, and Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  Tr., 2d Ser., i, Ludlow Acc’ts, s. a. 1585-6 (Record of the new bible and other books).

[28] Glasscock, op. cit., 59 (1578).

[29] Hale, Crim.  Free., 170-1.

[30] Visitations of the Dean of York’s Peculiar, Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, xviii (1905), 209.

[31] Ibid., 210.

[32] With the exception of the High Commission by the terms of its commission.  See the writ of 1559 in Gee, The Elizabethan Clergy and the Settlement of Religion, 150.  Also Cardwell, Doc.  Ann., i, 220, for the Commission for York in 1559.  As a matter of fact, as will appear from the illustrations cited, fines were virtually inflicted by way of court or absolution fees.  Again, while the canons or injunctions forbade the commutation of penance for money, an exception was made for money taken in pios usus, such as church repair or the relief of the poor.  Examples of the practice will be found in Hale, Crim.  Prec., 232 (Repair of St. Paul’s, London); Warrington Deanery Visit., 189 (Poor); Chelmsfofd Acc’ts, Essex Arch.  Soc., ii, 212 (Paving of church).  For fines inflicted for the benefit of the poor see Barnes’ Eccles.  Proc., 122 ("For that he gave evill words” an offender was enjoined by the judge to pay 2s. to the poor and to certify); Hale, op. cit., 198 (An offender to pay a rate of 4d., and 12d. more "pro negligentia.” 1589/1590) Cf.  Canons of 1585 in Cardwell, Synodalia, i, 142.

[33] Barnes’ Eccles.  Proc., 24 (1577).  In the case of individuals interdiction or suspension (i.e., from service and sacraments) does not differ in effect from excommunication, except that the former are temporary penalties and to terminate upon compliance with the judge’s order.  See Burn, Eccles.  Law (ed. 1763), i, 616 (Interdiction) and ii, 362-3 (Suspension).