by a pretty group of a little Cupid flying to his mother to show a wasp-sting he had just received.  Newman was then in this difficulty.  He did not disagree with what Ward had written; but, on the other hand, he had given neither me nor Ward to understand that he was likely to step in between us.  In fact, he wished to be entirely clear of the editorship.  This, however, was a thing that Ward could not or would not understand.[119]

The discontent of readers of the British Critic was great.  It was expressed in various ways, and was represented by a pamphlet of Mr. W. Palmer’s of Worcester, in which he contrasted, with words of severe condemnation, the later writers in the Review with the teaching of the earlier Tracts for the Times, and denounced the “Romanising” tendency shown in its articles.  In the autumn of 1843 the Review came to an end.  A field of work was thus cut off from Mr. Ward.  Full of the interest of the ideas which possessed him, always equipped and cheerfully ready for the argumentative encounter, and keenly relishing the certaminis gaudia, he at once seized the occasion of Mr. Palmer’s pamphlet to state what he considered his position, and to set himself right in the eyes of all fair and intelligent readers.  He intended a long pamphlet.  It gradually grew under his hands—­he was not yet gifted with the power of compression and arrangement—­into a volume of 600 pages:  the famous Ideal of a Christian Church, considered in Comparison with Existing Practice, published in the summer of 1844.

The Ideal is a ponderous and unattractive volume, ill arranged and rambling, which its style and other circumstances have caused to be almost forgotten.  But there are interesting discussions in it which may still repay perusal for their own sakes.  The object of the book was twofold.  Starting with an “ideal” of what the Christian Church may be expected to be in its various relations to men, it assumes that the Roman Church, and only the Roman Church, satisfies the conditions of what a Church ought to be, and it argues in detail that the English Church, in spite of its professions, utterly and absolutely fails to fulfil them.  It is plaidoirie against everything English, on the ground that it cannot be Catholic because it is not Roman.  It was not consistent, for while the writer alleged that “our Church totally neglected her duties both as guardian of and witness to morality, and as witness and teacher of orthodoxy,” yet he saw no difficulty in attributing the revival of Catholic truth to “the inherent vitality and powers of our own Church."[120] But this was not the sting and provocation of the book.  That lay in the developed claim, put forward by implication in Mr. Ward’s previous writings, and now repeated in the broadest and most unqualified form, to hold his position in the English Church, avowing and teaching all Roman doctrine.