As the chaise drives away, Mary stands bewildered and perplexed on the door-step, her mind in a tumult of excitement, in which hatred of the doctor, distrust and suspicion of her mother, disappointment, vexation, and ill humor, surge and swell among those delicate organizations on which the structure and development of the soul so closely depend—­doing perhaps an irreparable injury.  The mother, as soon as the chaise is so far turned that Mary can no longer watch the expression of her countenance, goes away from the door with a smile of complacency and satisfaction upon her face at the ingenuity and success of her little artifice.

In respect to her statement that she was going to the doctor’s, it may, or may not, have been true.  Most likely not; for mothers who manage their children on this system find the line of demarkation between deceit and falsehood so vague and ill defined that they soon fall into the habit of disregarding it altogether, and of saying, without hesitation, any thing which will serve the purpose in view.

Governing by Reason and Affection.

2.  The theory of many mothers is that they must govern their children by the influence of reason and affection.  Their method may be exemplified by supposing that, under circumstances similar to those described under the preceding head, the mother calls Mary to her side, and, smoothing her hair caressingly with her hand while she speaks, says to her,

“Mary, your father and I are going out to ride this afternoon, and I am going to explain it all to you why you can not go too.  You see, I have been sick, and am getting well, and I am going out to ride, so that I may get well faster.  You love mamma, I am sure, and wish to have her get well soon.  So you will be a good girl, I know, and not make any trouble, but will stay at home contentedly—­won’t you?  Then I shall love you, and your papa will love you, and after I get well we will take you to ride with us some day.”

The mother, in managing the case in this way, relies partly on convincing the reason of the child, and partly on an appeal to her affection.

Governing by Authority.

3.  By the third method the mother secures the compliance of the child by a direct exercise of authority.  She says to her—­the circumstances of the case being still supposed to be the same—­

“Mary, your father and I are going out to ride this afternoon, and I am sorry, for your sake, that we can not take you with us.”

“Why can’t you take me?” asks Mary.

“I can not tell you why, now,” replies the mother, “but perhaps I will explain it to you after I come home.  I think there is a good reason, and, at any rate, I have decided that you are not to go.  If you are a good girl, and do not make any difficulty, you can have your little chair out upon the front door-step, and can see the chaise come to the door, and see your father and me get in and drive away; and you can wave your handkerchief to us for a good-bye.”