Scientific American Supplement, No. 598, June 18, 1887 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 123 pages of information about Scientific American Supplement, No. 598, June 18, 1887.

Scientific American Supplement, No. 598, June 18, 1887 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 123 pages of information about Scientific American Supplement, No. 598, June 18, 1887.
The plates are of a rectangular form (Fig. 1).  They are sloped out at one corner, and as two plates in juxtaposition are cut together, when they are separated the sloping out of the one serves for the handle of the other.  This handle is doubled back on the plate which is suspended in the bath, so that the part which has to be soldered does not undergo any preparation.  A hole pierced in this corner of the plate serves to receive a square rod of lead, which connects the plates together and supports one of the poles or contacts of the accumulator.  At the point of soldering the doubled-down handle gives a double thickness, and the margins of the plate are folded in such a manner as to insure their solidity.

[Illustration:  FIG. 1.]

The sloped out corner affords the free space necessary for the rod of the opposite pole, and one and the same plate may be indifferently connected either to the + or the — at the right or the left.  The plates are made of four different sizes:  No. 1, 19 of which serve for an accumulator of 1 square meter; No. 2, 21, 25, or 29 of which serve for accumulators of 2, 3, and 4 square meters; No. 3, which with 21, 25, or 29 plates composes accumulators of 5, 6, and 7 square meters; and No. 4, which with 21, 23, 25, 27 or 29 plates forms accumulators of 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 square meters.

As the plates are entirely submerged in the liquid their entire surface is active, and the entire surface being absolutely flat, it is sufficient to preserve their respective distance at any one point in order to have it everywhere alike.  The weight of the plate depends on the intended duration of the plate and its capacity.  As for the negative plate, its thickness is the most important factor of its capacity.  The proportion has yet to be established for daily practice.  The inventor uses in practice positive plates of 0.002 meter in thickness.  On the other hand, the negative plates have a body of only 0.001 meter in thickness, their greater thickness being due only to the deposit of compressed lead.  The rod which fixes the plate to each pole (Fig. 2) is formed of a special alloy of lead and antimony, not attacked by acid.  This gives rigidity to the rod, and hinders it from binding when the accumulator is taken out of its case.  The copper piece which surmounts it is fitted at its base with an iron cramp, which is fixed in the lead, and above which is a wide furrow with two grooved parts, which being immersed in the lead hinders the copper from slipping round under the action of the screw.  The rod is square, and is cast in a single piece.  Against one of its surfaces the ends of the connected plates press flatly up.  A square form has been selected to give more surface for soldering.  The soldering is autogenous (as in the lead chambers at vitriol works).  The soldering, as well as the entire plates, is entirely immersed in the liquid, and to prevent any leakage an insulating varnish, perfectly proof against the acid and the current, is laid over the rod from the part soldered upward.

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Scientific American Supplement, No. 598, June 18, 1887 from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.