II.  Adverbs of place are those which answer to the question, Where?  Whither?  Whence? or, Whereabout? including these which ask.

OBS.—­Adverbs of place may be subdivided as follows:—­

1.  Of place in which; as, Where, here, there, yonder, above, below, about, around, somewhere, anywhere, elsewhere, otherwhere, everywhere, nowhere, wherever, wheresoever, within, without, whereabout, whereabouts, hereabout, hereabouts, thereabout, thereabouts.

2.  Of place to which; as, Whither, hither, thither, in, up, down, back, forth, aside, ashore, abroad, aloft, home, homewards, inwards, upwards, downwards, backwards, forwards. Inward, homeward, upward, downward, backward, and forward, are also adverbs, as well as adjectives; but some critics, for distinction’s sake, choose to use these only as adjectives.

3.  Of place from which; as, Whence, hence, thence, away, out, off, far, remotely.

4.  Of the order of place; as, First, secondly, thirdly, fourthly, &c.  Thus, secondly means in the second place; thirdly, in the third place; &c.  For order, or rank, implies place, though it may consist of relative degrees.

III.  Adverbs of degree are those which answer to the question, How much?  How little? or, to the idea of more or less.

OBS.—­Adverbs of degree may be subdivided as follows:—­

1.  Of excess or abundance; as, Much, more, most, too, very, greatly, far, besides; chiefly, principally, mainly, mostly, generally; entirely, full, fully, completely, perfectly, wholly, totally, altogether, all, quite, clear, stark; exceedingly, excessively, extravagantly, intolerably; immeasurably, inconceivably, infinitely.

2.  Of equality or sufficiency; as, Enough, sufficiently, competently, adequately, proportionally, equally, so, as, even, just, exactly, precisely.

3.  Of deficiency or abatement; as, Little, less, least, scarcely, hardly, scantly, scantily merely, barely, only, but, partly, partially, nearly, almost, well-nigh, not quite.

4.  Of quantity in the abstract; as, How, (meaning, in what degree,) however, howsoever, everso, something, anything, nothing, a groat, a sixpence, a sou-markee, and other nouns of quantity used adverbially.

IV.  Adverbs of manner are those which answer to the question, How? or, by affirming, denying, or doubting, show how a subject is regarded.

OBS.—­Adverbs of manner may be subdivided as follows:—­

1.  Of manner from quality; as, Well, ill, wisely, foolishly, justly, wickedly, and many others formed by adding ly to adjectives of quality. Ly is a contraction of like; and is the most common termination of English adverbs.  When added to nouns, it forms adjectives; but some few of these are also used adverbially; as, daily, weekly, monthly, which denote time.