he retired again to Kensington, where, according to Lord Clarendon, he was visited by all the disaffected members of parliament, who held frequent meetings at Holland House.  Some time afterwards, when the civil war was at its height, he joined the king’s party at Oxford; but, meeting with a cool reception, returned again to the parliament.  In August 6, 1647, “the members of the parliament who were driven from Westminster by tumults, met General Fairfax at Holland House, and subscribed to the declaration of the army, and a further declaration, approving of and joining with the army, in all their late proceedings, making null all acts passed by the members since July 6.” (Clarendon.)—­ The Earl of Holland’s desertion of the royal cause, is to be attributed, perhaps, to his known enmity towards Lord Strafford; he gave, nevertheless, the best proof of his attachment to monarchy, by making a bold, though rash attempt, to restore his master.  After a valiant stand against an unequal force, near Kingston upon Thames, he was obliged to quit the field, but was soon after taken prisoner, and suffered death upon the scaffold.  His corpse was sent to Kensington, and interred in the family vault there, March 10, 1649.  In the July following, Lambert, then general of the army, fixed his headquarters at Holland House.  It was soon afterwards restored to the Countess of Holland.  When theatres were shut up by the Puritans, plays were acted privately at the houses of the nobility, who made collections for the actors.  Holland House is particularly mentioned, as having been used occasionally for this purpose.

The next remarkable circumstance in the history of Holland House, is the residence of Addison, who became possessed of it in 1716, by his marriage with Charlotte, Countess Dowager of Warwick and Holland.  It is said that he did not add much to his happiness by this alliance; for one of his biographers, rather laconically observes, that “Holland House is a large mansion, but it cannot contain Mr. Addison, the Countess of Warwick, and one guest, Peace.”  Mr. Addison was appointed Secretary of State, in 1717, and died at Holland House, June 17, 1719.  Addison had been tutor to the young earl, and anxiously, but in vain, endeavoured to check the licentiousness of his manners.  As a last effort, he requested him to come into his room when he lay at the point of death, hoping that the solemnity of the scene might work upon his feelings.  When his pupil came to receive his last commands, he told him that he had sent for him to see how a Christian could die; to which Tickell thus alludes:—­

  He taught us how to live; and oh! too high
  A price for knowledge, taught us how to die!

On the death of this young nobleman, in 1721, unmarried, his estates devolved to the father of Lord Kensington, (maternally descended from Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick.) who sold Holland House, about 1762, to the Right Hon. Henry Fox, afterwards Lord Holland, the early years of whose patriotic son, the late C.J.  Fox, were passed chiefly at this mansion; and his nephew, the present Lord Holland, is now owner of the estate.