Also by an act of Virginia, (9 Geo. I. ch. 4. sect. 18. p. 343.) it is ordained, “That, where any slave shall hereafter be found notoriously guilty of going abroad in the night, or running away, and lying out, and cannot be reclaimed from such disorderly courses by the common method of punishment, it shall and may be lawful to and for the court of the county, upon complaint and proof thereof to them made by the owner of such slave, to order and direct every such slave to be punished by dismembering, or any other way, not touching life, as the said county court shall think fit.”

I have already given examples enough of the horrid cruelties which are sometimes thought fit on such occasions.  But if the innocent and most natural act of “running away” from intolerable tyranny, deserves such relentless severity, what kind of punishment have these law-makers themselves to expect hereafter, on account of their own enormous offences!  Alas! to look for mercy (without a timely repentance) will only be another instance of their gross injustice! “Having their consciences seared with a hot iron,” they seem to have lost all apprehensions that their slaves are men, for they scruple not to number them with beasts.  See an act of Barbadoes, (No 333. p. 128.) intituled, “An act for the better regulating of outcries in open market:”  here we read of “Negroes, cattle, coppers, and stills, and other chattels, brought by execution to open market to be outcried, and these (as if all of equal importance) are ranged together in great lots or numbers to be sold.”

—­Page 70.  In the 329th act of Barbadoes, (p. 122.) it is asserted, that “brutish slaves deserve not, for the baseness of their condition, to be tried by a legal trial of twelve men of their peers, or neighbourhood, which neither truly can be rightly done, as the subjects of England are;” (yet slaves also are subjects of England, whilst they remain within the British dominions, notwithstanding this insinuation to the contrary) “nor is execution to be delayed towards them, in case of such horrid crimes committed,” &c.

A similar doctrine is taught in an act of Virginia, (9 Geo. I. ch. 4. sect. 3. p. 339.) wherein it is ordained, “that every slave, committing such offence as by the laws ought to be punished by death, or loss of member, shall be forthwith committed to the common goal of the county, &c.  And the sheriff of such county, upon such commitment, shall forthwith certify the same, with the cause thereof, to the governor or commander in chief, &c. who is thereupon desired and impowered to issue a commission of Oyer and Terminer, To such persons as he shall think fit; which persons, forthwith after the receipt of such commission, are impowered and required to cause the offender to be publicly arraigned and tried, &c. without the solemnity of a jury,” &c.  Now let us consider the dangerous tendency of those laws.  As Englishmen,