EU’PHUES (3 syll), the chief character in John Lilly’s Euphues or The Anatomy of Wit, and Euphues and his England.  He is an Athenian gentleman, distinguished for his elegance, wit, love-making, and roving habits.  Shakespeare borrowed his “government of the bees” (Henry V. act i. sc. 2) from Lilly.  Euphues was designed to exhibit the style affected by the gallants of England in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.  Thomas Lodge wrote a novel in a similar style, called Euphues’ Golden Legacy (1590).

“The commonwealth of your bees,” replied Euphues, “did so delight me that I was not a little sorry that either their estates have not been longer, or your leisure more; for, in my simple judgment, there was such an orderly government that men may not be ashamed to imitate it.”

J. Lilly, Euphues (1581).

(The romances of Calprenede and Scuderi bear the same relation to the jargon of Louis XIV., as the Euphues of Lilly to that of Queen Elizabeth.)

EURE’KA! or rather HEUKE’KA! ("I have discovered it!”) The exclamation of Archime’des, the Syracusan philosopher, when he found out how to test the purity of Hi’ero’s crown.

The tale is, that Hiero suspected that a craftsman to whom he had given a certain weight of gold to make into a crown had alloyed the metal, and he asked Archimedes to ascertain if his suspicion was well founded.  The philosopher, getting into his bath, observed that the water ran over, and it flashed into his mind that his body displaced its own bulk of water.  Now, suppose Hiero gave the goldsmith 1 lb. of gold, and the crown weighed 1 lb., it is manifest that if the crown was pure gold, both ought to displace the same quantity of water; but they did not do so, and therefore the gold had been tampered with.  Archimedes next immersed in water 1 lb. of silver, and the difference of water displaced soon gave the clue to the amount of alloy introduced by the artificer.

Vitruvius says:  “When the idea occurred to the philosopher, he jumped out of his bath, and without waiting to put on his clothes, he ran home, exclaiming, ‘Heureka! heureka!’”

EURO’PA. The Fight at Dame Europa’s School, written by the Rev. H.W.  Pullen, minor canon of Salisbury Cathedral.  A skit on the Franco-Prussian war (1870-1871).

EUROPE’S LIBERATOR.  So Wellington was called after the overthrow of Bonaparte (1769-1852).

  Oh, Wellington ... called “Saviour of the Nations”
  And “Europe’s Liberator.”

Byron, Don Juan, ix. 5 (1824).

EU’RUS, the east wind; Zephyr, the west wind; No’tus, the south wind; Bo’reas, the north wind.  Eurus, in Italian, is called the Lev’ant ("rising of the sun"), and Zephyr is called Po’nent, ("setting of the sun “).

  Forth rush the Levant and the Ponent winds—­
  Eurus and Zephyr.

Milton, Paradise Lost, x. 705 (1665).