After two years’ work, as supercargo, on different ships, Gyfford was sent down to Anjengo as chief of the factory.  Anjengo was at that time one of the most important factories on the Malabar coast, though of comparatively recent establishment.  It was first frequented by the Portuguese, who, after a time, were ousted by the Dutch.  It belonged to the Rani of Attinga, who owned a small principality extending along sixty miles of coast.  In 1688,[6] Rani Ashure invited the English to form a trading settlement in her dominions, and two were formed, at Vittoor (Returah) and Villanjuen (Brinjone).  But for some reason, she became dissatisfied with the English, and the hostility of the Dutch, in spite of the alliance between the two countries in Europe, caused great trouble.  In November, 1693, John Brabourne was sent to Attinga, where, by his successful diplomacy, the sandy spit of Anjengo was granted to the English, as a site for a fort, together with the monopoly of the pepper trade of Attinga.  Soon, the Dutch protests and intrigues aroused the Rani’s suspicions.  She ordered Brabourne to stop his building.  Finding him deaf to her orders, she first tried to starve out the English by cutting off supplies, but as the sea was open, the land blockade proved ineffectual.  She then sent an armed force against Brabourne, which was speedily put to flight, and terms of peace were arranged.  The fort was completed, and a most flourishing trade in pepper and cotton cloth speedily grew up.  Anjengo became the first port of call for outward-bound ships.  The Anjengo fortification appeared so formidable to the Dutch, that they closed their factories at Cochin, Quilon, and Cannanore.[7] About 1700, Rani Ashure died, and the little principality fell into disorder.  It was a tradition that only women should reign, and Ashure’s successor was unable to make her authority felt.  The Poolas, who governed the four districts into which the principality was divided, intrigued for power against each other, and before long the Rani became a puppet in the hands of Poola Venjamutta.  In 1704, a new Governor, Sir Nicholas Waite, was appointed to Bombay.  For some reason he left Brabourne without instructions or money for investment.[8] Their small salaries and their private trading seem to have made the Company’s servants very independent.  We constantly find them throwing up the service and going away, without waiting for permission.  Brabourne went off to Madras, after delivering over the fort to Mr. Simon Cowse, who had long resided there, apparently as a private merchant, and who proved, as times went, a good servant to the Company.  The Company’s service in those days was full of intrigue and personal quarrels.  The merchant second in rank at Anjengo, John Kyffin, intrigued against Cowse so successfully, that Cowse was deposed, and Kyffin was made chief of the settlement.  He appears to have been a