(see Chang Ling)
  Cities
    spread and growth of cities
    origin of cities
    twin cities
    (see City states, Ch’ang-an, Sian, Loyang, Hankow, etc.)
  City States (of Central Asia)
  Clans
  Classes, social classes
    (see Castes, ch’ien-min, liang-min, Gentry, etc.)
  Climate, changes
  Cliques
  Cloisonne
  Cobalt
  Coins (see Money)
  Colonialism (see Imperialism)
  Colonization (see Migration, Assimilation)
  Colour prints
  Communes
  Communism (see Marxism, Socialism, Soviets)
  Concubines
  Confessions
  Confucian ritual
    Confucianism
    Confucian literature
    false Confucian literature
    Confucians
    (see Neo-Confucianism)
  Conquests (see War, Colonialism)
  Conservatism
  Constitution
  Contending States
  Co-operatives
  Copper (see Bronze, Metal)
  Corruption
  Corvee (forced labour) (see Labour)
  Cotton
  Courtesans (see Brothel)
  Coxinga, rebel
  Craftsmen (see Artisans)
  Credits
  Criminals
  Crop rotation

  Dalai Lama, religious ruler of Tibet
  Dance
  Deflation
  Deities (see T’ien, Shang Ti, Maitreya, Amithabha, etc.)
  Delft, city
  Demands, the twenty-one
  Democracy
  Denshiring
  Despotism (see Absolutism)
  Dewey, J., educator
  Dialects (see Language)
  Dialecticians
  Dictators (see Despotism)
  Dictionaries
  Diploma, for monks
  Diplomacy
  Disarmament
  Discriminatory laws (see Double Standard)
  Dog
  Dorgon, prince
  Double standard, legal
  Drama
  Dress, changes
  Dungan, tribes
  Dynastic histories (see History)
  Dzungars, people

  Eclipses
  Economy
    Money economy
    Natural economy
    (see Agriculture, Nomadism, Industry, Denshiring, Money, Trade, etc.)
  Education (see Schools, Universities, Academies, Script,
    Examination system, etc.)
  Elements, the five
  Elephants
  Elite (see Intellectuals, Students, Gentry)
  Elixir (see Alchemy)
  Emperor, position of
    Emperor and church
    (see Despotism, King, Absolutism, Monarchy, etc.)
  Empress (see Lue, Wu, Wei, Tz[)u] Hsi)
  Encyclopaedias
  England (see Great Britain)
  Ephtalites, tribe
  Epics
  Equalization Office (see chuen-t’ien)
  Erotic literature
  Estates (chuang)
  Ethics (see Confucianism)
  Eunuchs
  Europe
    Europeans
  Examination system
    Examinations for Buddhists