Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life eBook

E. A. Wallis Budge
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 167 pages of information about Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life.

Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life eBook

E. A. Wallis Budge
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 167 pages of information about Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life.

  8.  NEPHTHYS, woman-headed, the sister-wife of Osiris, and mother of
  Anubis.

  9.  HORUS, the “great god,” hawk-headed, whose worship was probably the
  oldest in Egypt.

  10.  HATHOR, woman-headed, the personification of that portion of the
  sky where the sun rose and set.

  11.  HU, man-headed, and

  12.  SA, also man-headed; these gods are present in the boat of R[=a]
  in the scenes which depict the creation.

On one side of the balance kneels the god Anubis, jackal-headed, who holds the weight of the tongue of the balance in his right hand, and behind him stands Thoth, the scribe of the gods, ibis-headed, holding in his hands a reed wherewith to write down the result of the weighing.  Near him is seated the tri-formed beast [=A]m-mit, the, “Eater of the Dead,” who waits to devour the heart of Ani should it be found to be light.  In the Papyrus of Neb-qet at Paris this beast is seen lying by the side of a lake of fire, at each corner of which is seated a dog-headed ape; this lake is also seen in Chapter CXXVI. of the Book of the Dead.  The gods who are seated before a table of offerings, and Anubis, and Thoth, and [=A]m-mit, are the beings who conduct the case, so to speak, against Ani.  On the other side of the balance stand Ani and his wife Thuthu with their heads reverently bent; they are depicted in human form, and wear garments and ornaments similar to those which they wore upon earth.  His soul, in the form of a man-headed hawk standing upon a pylon, is present, also a man-headed, rectangular object, resting upon a pylon, which has frequently been supposed to represent the deceased in an embryonic state.  In the Papyrus of Anhai two of these objects appear, one on each side of the balance; they are described as Shai and Renenet, two words which are translated by “Destiny” and “Fortune” respectively.  It is most probable, as the reading of the name of the object is Meskhenet, and as the deity Meskhenet represents sometimes both Shai and Renenet, that the artist intended the object to represent both deities, even though we find the god Shai standing below it close to the standard of the balance.  Close by the soul stand two goddesses called Meskhenet and Renenet respectively; the former is, probably, one of the four goddesses who assisted at the resurrection of Osiris, and the latter the personification of Fortune, which has already been included under the Meskhenet object above, the personification of Destiny.

It will be remembered that Meskhenet accompanied Isis, Nephthys, Heqet, and Khnemu to the house of the lady Rut-Tettet, who was about to bring forth three children.  When these deities arrived, having changed their forms into those of women, they found R[=a]-user standing there.  And when they had made music for him, he said to them, “Mistresses, there is a woman in travail here;” and they replied, “Let us see her, for we know how to deliver a woman.” 

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Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.