The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
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| Table of Contents | |
| Section | Page |
| Start of eBook | 1 |
| CRANIOLOGY. | 1 |
| PRYNNE. | 1 |
| GERMAN STUDENTS. | 1 |
| GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND. | 2 |
| TRAVELLING. | 2 |
| SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS | 2 |
| DANCING. | 7 |
| THE GATHERER. | 9 |
| FAMILY RECKONING. | 9 |
| VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS. | 9 |
| TRIAL BY JURY. | 9 |
| 10 | |
On a celebrated craniologist visiting the studio of a celebrated sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust with a remarkable depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. “What a noble head,” he exclaimed, “is that! full seven inches! What superior powers of mind must he be endowed with, who possesses such a head as is here represented!” “Why, yes,” says the blunt artist, “he certainly was a very extraordinary man—that is the bust of my early friend and first patron, John Horne Tooke.” “Ay,” answers the craniologist, “you see there is something after all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs of many of your countrymen.” “Certainly,” says the sculptor; “but here is another bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious forehead.” “Bless me!” exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, “eight inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head—in this there can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of thought, must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to some extraordinary and well-known character.” “Why, yes,” says the sculptor, “he is pretty well known—it is the head of Lord Pomfret.”
* * * * *
Anthony A’Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, “his custom was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over his eyes, serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much light, and seldom eating any dinner. He would be every three hours munching a roll of bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted spirits with ale.”
* * * * *
The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue their studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in conduct, more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in appearance, and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, onions and sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be met with in any other part of Europe. In a small town of a small state a German university is a horrible nuisance; and how the elegant court of Weimar, in particular, can tolerate the existence of one within an hour’s ride of its palace, where we have seen ragamuffins fighting with broad-swords in the market-place, moves “our special wonder.” To the university of Bonn is attached a rich collection of subjects in natural history, and a botanical garden; and such is its success, from the celebrity of its professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious William Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, “there are at this time about one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in university and professors’ fees, and forty more for living, get a first-rate education.” The climate and the situation on the banks of the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut trees, nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, which contains the cabinets of natural history, with the university.
* * * * *
The Great Seal itself, when not in the king’s own custody, was entrusted to the “Chancellor,” whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a “livery” of provisions. And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a quart of claret, one “gross wax-light,” and forty candle-ends, to enable the Chancellor to carry on his housekeeping, may be considered as a curious exemplification of primitive temperance and economy.—Quarterly Rev.
* * * * *
The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers of music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder of any importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, who go round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and canons, unaccompanied by instruments, in “the most beautiful and correct style imaginable,”—something, we suppose, in the style of the Tyrolese minstrels.—Ibid.
* * * * *
A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over three parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and Moscow—what a change from 1812!—Ibid.
* * * * *
* * * * *
THE MURDER HOLE.
An Ancient Legend.
“Ah,
frantic Fear!
I see, I see thee near;
I know thy hurried step, thy
haggard eye!
Like thee I start, like thee
disorder’d fly!
COLLINS.
In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, between Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a moor of apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along the road, and wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and desolation of its appearance; not a tree varied the prospect—not a shrub enlivened the eye by its freshness—nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this ungenial soil. One “lonesome desert” reached the horizon on every side, with nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a road, or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity obliged to pass in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild region had always been, it became still more gloomy. Strange rumours arose, that the path of unwary travellers had been beset on this “blasted heath,” and that treachery and murder had intercepted the solitary stranger as he traversed its dreary extent.
Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, and settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the cottages continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two sons, who loudly lamented that poverty chained them to this solitary and mysterious spot. Travellers who frequented this road now generally did so in groups to protect each other; and if night overtook them, they usually stopped at the humble cottage of the old woman and her sons, where cleanliness compensated for the want of luxury, and where, over a blazing fire of peat, the bolder spirits smiled at the imaginary terrors of the road, and the more timid trembled as they listened to the tales of terror and affright with which their hosts entertained them.
One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy hastily traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in darkness amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful traditions, connected with this dreary scene, darted across his mind—every blast, as it swept in hollow gusts over the heath, seemed to teem with the sighs of departed spirits—and the birds, as they winged their way above his head, appeared, with loud and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching dagger. The whistle with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage died away into silence, and he groped along with trembling and uncertain steps, which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of Scripture occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. “I will be unto thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the storm.” Surely, thought he, though alone, I am not forsaken; and a prayer for assistance hovered on his lips.
A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when he had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large party of travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales of mystery which had so lately filled his brain with images of terror. He recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her sons had endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were departing; and now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial and cheering reception. His first call for admission obtained no visible marks of attention, but instantly the greatest noise and confusion prevailed within the cottage. They think it is one of the supernatural visitants of whom the old lady talks so much, thought the boy, approaching a window, where the light within showed him all the inhabitants at their several occupations; the old woman was hastily scrubbing the stone floor, and strewing it thickly over with sand, while her two sons seemed with equal haste to be thrusting something large and heavy into an immense chest, which they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome mood, thoughtlessly tapped at the window, when they all instantly started up with consternation so strongly depicted on their countenances, that he shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined feeling of apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment longer, one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the boy roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. “I am not what you take me for,” said the boy, attempting to laugh, “but only the poor pedlar who visited you last year.”—“Are you alone?” inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, which made his heart thrill with apprehension. “Yes,” said the boy, “I am alone here; and alas!” he added, with a burst of uncontrollable feeling, “I am alone in the wide world also! Not a person exists who would assist me in distress, or shed a single tear if I died this very night.” “Then you are welcome!” said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance of peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage.
It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that the boy drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman and her sons exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the shelter of any one of the roofless cottages which were scattered near, rather than trust himself among persons of such dubious aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted across his brain; and terrors which he could neither combat nor examine imperceptibly stole into his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of assistance, he resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not increase the danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for the night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to have been violently
It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated nerves to rest; but at length his senses began to “steep themselves in forgetfulness,” though his imagination remained painfully active, and presented new scenes of terror to his mind, with all the vividness of reality. He fancied himself again wandering on the heath, which appeared to be peopled with spectres, who all beckoned to him not to enter the cottage, and as he approached it, they vanished with a hollow and despairing cry. The scene then changed, and he found himself again seated by the fire, where the countenances of the men scowled upon him with the most terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman suddenly seized him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. Suddenly the boy was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what sounded to him like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, and sat up in bed,—but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured to persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, he observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently stealing its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but the work of a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, through a chink of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he could watch unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining room.
His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a goat that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to steal into his bed again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, when his ear was arrested by a conversation which transfixed him aghast with terror to the spot.
“This is an easier job than you had yesterday,” said the man who held the goat. “I wish all the throats we’ve cut were as easily and quietly done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman made last night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of miles, or they must have heard his cries for help and mercy.”
“Don’t speak of it,” replied the other; “I was never fond of bloodshed,”
“Ha, ha!” said the other with a sneer, “you say so, do you?”
“I do,” answered the first, gloomily; “the Murder Hole is the thing for me—that tells no tales—a single scuffle—a single plunge—and the fellow’s dead and buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the officers in Christendom to discover any mischief there.”
“Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place as that. Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, and so small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would suppose that the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more than forty people who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in like a leech!”
“How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?” asked the old woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be silent, and pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor was concealed; while the other, with an expression of brutal ferocity, passed his bloody knife across his throat.
The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now roused to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so completely against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He gently stole to the window, and having by one desperate effort broken the rusty bolt by which the casement had been fastened, he let himself down without noise or difficulty. This betokens good, thought he, pausing an instant in dreadful hesitation what direction to take. This momentary deliberation was fearfully interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling aloud, “The boy has fled—let loose the bloodhound!” These words sunk like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a furnace. Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing himself to exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued by its ruthless hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying of the bloodhound broke the stillness of the night, and the voice of its masters sounded through the moor, as they endeavoured to accelerate its speed,—panting and breathless the boy pursued his hopeless career, but every moment his pursuers seemed to gain upon his failing steps. The hound was unimpeded by the darkness which was to him so impenetrable, and its noise rung louder and deeper on his ear—while the lanterns which were carried by the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision.
At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over a heap of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was severely cut in every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for assistance, he continued prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and nearly insensible. The hoarse voices of the men, and the still louder baying of the dog, were now so near, that instant destruction seemed inevitable,—already he felt himself in their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared to gleam before his eyes,—despair renewed his energy, and once more, in an agony of affright that seemed verging towards madness, he rushed forward so rapidly that terror seemed to have given wings to his feet. A loud cry near the spot he had left arose on his ears without suspending his flight. The hound had stopped at the place where the Pedlar’s wounds bled so profusely, and deeming the chase now over, it lay down there, and could not be induced to proceed; in vain the men beat it with frantic violence, and tried again to put the hound on the scent,—the sight of blood had satisfied the animal that its work was done, and with dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue the same scent a second time. The pedlar boy in
Blackwood’s Magazine.
* * * * *
I never to a ball will go,
That poor pretence
for prancing,
Where Jenkins dislocates a
toe,
And Tomkins thinks
he’s dancing:
And most I execrate that ball,
Of balls the most
atrocious,
Held yearly in old Magog’s
hall,
The feasting and
ferocious.
I execrate the mob, the squeeze,
The rough refreshment-scramble:
The dancers, keeping time
with knees
That knock as
down they amble;
Between two lines of bankers’
clerks,
Stared at by two
of loobies—
All mighty fine for city sparks,
But all and each
one boobies:—
Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs,
With curls like
clew-lines dangling;
With limbs like galvanizing
frogs,
And necks stiff-starched
and strangling;
With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings,
And waists like
wasps and spiders;
With whiskers like Macready’s
kings’,
Mustachios like
El Hyder’s.
Miss Jones, the Moorfields
milliner,
With Toilinet,
the draper,
May waltz—for none
are willinger
To cut cloth or
a caper.—
Miss Moses of the Minories,
With Mr. Wicks
of Wapping,
May love such light tracasseries,
Such shuffle shoe
and hopping:
Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell,
And pride of Norton
Falgate,
In waltzing may the world
excel,
Except Miss Hicks
of Aldgate.
Well, let them—’tis
their nature—twirl,
And Smiths adore
their twirlings,
Which kill with envy every
girl
That fingers lace
at Urling’s,
I laugh while I lament to
see
A fellow, made
to measure
’Gainst grenadiers of
six feet three,
“Die down
the dance” with pleasure.
I laugh to see a man with
thews
His way through
Misses picking,
Like pig with tender pettitoes,
Or chicken-hearted
chicken;
A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells,
A pony race in
pattens,
A wagon-horse tricked out
with bells,
A sow in silks
and satins,
A butcher’s hair en
papillote,
And lounging Piccadilly,
A clown in an embroidered
coat,
Are not more gauche
and silly.
Let atoms take their dusty
dance,
But men are not
corpuscles:
An Englishman’s not
made in France,
Nor wire and buckram
muscles.
The manly leap, the breathing
race,
The wrestle, or
old cricket,
Give to the limbs a native
grace—
So, here’s
for double-wicket.
Leave dancing to the women,
Men—
In them it is
becoming;—
I never tire to see them,
when
Joe Hart his fiddle’s
strumming,
Or Colinet and mild Musard
Have set their
hearts quadrilling;—
Then be each nymph a gay Brocard,
And every woman
killing.
I love to see the pretty dears
Go lightly caracolling,
And drinking love at eyes
and ears,
With every look
their soul in!
I like to watch the swan-like
grace
They show in minuetting.
It hits one’s bosom’s
tenderest place,
To see them pirouetting.
But when a measurer of tape
Turns butterfly
and dandy,
Assumes their grace, their
air, their shape,
I wish a pump
were handy!
I never to such balls will
go,
Those poor pretexts
for prancing;
Where Jenkins dislocates his
toe,
And Tomkins thinks
he’s dancing.
Monthly Magazine.
* * * * *
A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
SHAKSPEARE.
* * * * *
Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their arrival from Dublin’s fair city. Pat exclaimed, “How are you, my honey; how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O’Connell, and Daniel O’Keefe?” “Oh! my jewel,” answered the other, “Biddy has got so many children that she will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no father at all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he’s grown so thin, that he is as thin as us both put together.”
W. G. C.
* * * * *
Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the Land o’ Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing the merits of the play, the School for Scandal. “I was vary gled to see Sir Peter and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. M’Dougal, what think ye?” “Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but it’s just Mrs. M’Dougal’s way. I’se warrant they’re at it agin afore we are doon in our beds mon.” Poor Sheridan should have heard this himself.
* * * * *
One of his majesty’s frigates being at anchor on a winter’s night, in a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she began to drive. The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain and awoke him from his sleep, and told him the anchor had come home. “Well,” said the captain, rubbing his eyes, “I think our anchor is perfectly right, for who the d—— would stay out such a night as this?”
W. G. C.
* * * * *
Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as early as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of the best beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts of small beer for one penny.
* * * * *
In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of Salzburg, who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, and a beard, as long and as black as those of any man.
* * * * *
The following anecdote is given in “Lettres tres sur l’Angleterre par A. de Stael Holstein.” “King George III. once gave directions for closing up a gate and a road in his own park at Richmond, which had been free to foot passengers for many years. A citizen of Richmond, who found the road convenient to the inhabitants of that village, took up the cause of his neighbours. He contended, that, although the thoroughfare might have been originally an encroachment, it had become public property by the lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and that he should compel the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, without hesitating, into a court of justice, and gained his process.”
* * * * *
This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, the
ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.
The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions and Discoveries, with 14 Engravings.
CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 Engravings.
NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 Engravings.
ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA—35 articles—6 Engravings.
AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 Articles.
DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 Articles.
USEFUL ARTS, 50 Articles.
FINE ARTS.
PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.
MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c.
“We hope the editor will publish a similar volume annually.”—Gardener’s Magazine.