nothing would induce him to acquiesce in a plan of defection from the Romans, were it not absolutely necessary; since he had children by the daughter of Appius Claudius, and had a daughter at Rome married to Livius:  but that a much more serious and alarming matter threatened them, than any consequences which could result from such a measure.  For that the intention of the commons was not to abolish the senate by revolting to the Carthaginians, but to murder the senators, and deliver the state thus destitute to Hannibal and the Carthaginians.  That it was in his power to rescue them from this danger, if they would resign themselves to his care, and, forgetting their political dissensions, confide in him.”  When, overpowered with fear, they all put themselves under his protection, he proceeded:  “I will shut you up in the senate-house, and pretending myself to be an accomplice in the meditated crime, I will, by approving measures which I should in vain oppose, find out a way for your safety.  For the performance of this take whatever pledge you please.”  Having given his honour, he went out; and having ordered the house to be closed, placed a guard in the lobby that no one might enter or leave it without his leave.

3.  Then assembling the people, he thus addressed them:  “What you have so often wished for, Campanians, the power of punishing an unprincipled and detestable senate, you now have, not at your own imminent peril, by riotously storming the houses of each, which are guarded and garrisoned with slaves and dependants, but free and without danger.  Take them all, shut up in the senate-house, alone and unarmed; nor need you do any thing precipitately or blindly.  I will give you the opportunity of pronouncing upon the life or death of each, that each may suffer the punishment he has deserved.  But, above all, it behoves you so to give way to your resentment, as considering that your own safety and advantage are of greater importance.  For I apprehend that you hate these particular senators, and not that you are unwilling to have any senate at all; for you must either have a king, which all abominate, or a senate, which is the only course compatible with a free state.  Accordingly you must effect two objects at the same time; you must remove the old senate and elect a new one.  I will order the senators to be summoned one by one, and I shall put it to you to decide whether they deserve to live or die:  whatever you may determine respecting each shall be done; but before you execute your sentence on the culprit, you shall elect some brave and strenuous man as a fresh senator to supply his place.”  Upon this he took his seat, and, the names having been thrown together into an urn, he ordered that the name which had the lot to fall out first should be proclaimed, and the person brought forward out of the senate-house.  When the name was heard, each man strenuously exclaimed that he was a wicked and unprincipled fellow, and deserved to be punished.  Pacuvius then said,