Cramp.

I have now under my charge several mules that are subject to this complaint.  It does not really injure them for service, but it is very disagreeable to those having them in charge.  It frequently requires from half an hour to two hours to get them rubbed so as the blood gets to its proper circulation, and to get them to walk without dragging their legs.  In cases where they are attacked violently, they will appear to lose all use of their legs.  I have known cases when a sudden stroke with a light piece of board, so as to cause a surprise, would drive it away.  In other cases sudden application of the whip would have the same effect.

Spavin.

It is generally believed that the mule does not inherit this disease.  But this is not altogether true.  Small, compact mules, bred after the jack, are indeed not subject to it.  On the contrary, large mules, bred from large, coarse mares, are very frequently afflicted with it.  The author has under his charge at the present time quite a number of those kind of mules, in which this disease is visible.  At times, when worked hard, they are sore and lame.  The only thing to be recommended in this case is careful treatment, and as much rest at intervals as it is possible to give them.  Hand rubbing and application of stimulant liniments, or tincture of arnica, is about all that can be done.  The old method of firing and blistering only puts the animal to torture and the owner to expense.  A cure can never be effected through it, and therefore should never be tried.

Ringbone.

These appear on the same kind of large, bony mules as referred to in cases of spavin, and are incurable.  They can, however, be relieved by the same process as recommended in spavin.  Relief can also be afforded by letting the heels of the affected feet grow down to considerable length, or shoeing with a high-heeled shoe, and thus taking the weight or strain off the injured parts.  The only way to make the best use or an animal afflicted with this disease, is to abandon experiments to effect a cure, as they will only be attended with expense and disappointment.

Mange.

Mules are subject to this disease when kept in large numbers, as in the army.  This is peculiarly a cuticle disease, like the itch in the human system, and yields to the same course of treatment.  A mixture of sulphur and hog’s lard, one pint of the latter to two of the former.  Rub the animal all over, then cover with a blanket.  After standing two days, wash him clean with soft-soap and water.  After this process has been gone through, keep the animal blanketed for a few days, as he will be liable to take cold.  Feed with bran mashes, plenty of common salt, and water.  This will relieve the bowels all that is necessary, and can scarcely fail of effecting a cure.  Another method, but not so certain in its effect, is to make a decoction of tobacco, say about one pound of the stems to two gallons of