and vineyards, behind which wound a wide road, with paths leading to the walls and towers.  On the other side, without the wall, the land descended towards the valley, so that the walls surrounding the lower part of the town looked as if built on a raised terrace.  There are gardens and vineyards even in the present day on the outer hill.  When Jesus arrived at the end of the Way of the Cross, he had on his left hand that part of the town where there were so many gardens; and it was from thence that Simon of Cyrene was coming when he met the procession.  The gate by which Jesus left the town was not entirely facing the west, but rather the south-west.  The city wall on the left-hand side, after passing through the gate, ran somewhat in a southerly direction, then turned towards the west, and then again to the south, round Mount Sion.  On this side there stood a large tower, like a fortress.  The gate by which Jesus left the town was at no great distance from another gate more towards the south, leading down to the valley, and where a road, turning to the left in the direction of Bethlehem, commenced.  The road turned to the north towards Mount Calvary shortly after that gate by which Jesus left Jerusalem when bearing his Cross.  Mount Calvary was very steep on its eastern side, facing the town, and a gradual descent on the western; and on this side, from which the road to Emmaus was to be seen, there was a field, in which I saw Luke gather several plants when he and Cleophas were going to Emmaus, and met Jesus on the way.  Near the walls, to the east and south of Calvary, there were also gardens, sepulchres, and vineyards.  The Cross was buried on the north-east side, at the foot of Mount Calvary.

The garden of Joseph of Arimathea was situated near the gate of Bethlehem, at about a seven minutes’ walk from Calvary:  it was a very fine garden, with tall trees, banks, and thickets in it, which gave much shade, and was situated on a rising ground extending to the walls of the city.14 A person coming from the northern side of the valley, and entering the garden, had on his left hand a slight ascent extending as far as the city wall; and on his right, at the end of the garden, a detached rock, where the cave of the sepulchre was situated.  The grotto in which it was made looked to the east; and on the south-western and north-western sides of the same rock were two other smaller sepulchres, which were also new, and with depressed fronts.  A pathway, beginning on the western side of this rock, ran all round it.  The ground in front of the sepulchre was higher than that of the entrance, and a person wishing to enter the cavern had to descend several steps.  The cave was sufficiently large for four men to be able to stand close up to the wall on either side without impeding the movements of the bearers of the body.  Opposite the door was a cavity in the rock, in which the tomb was made; it was about two feet above the level of the ground, and fastened to the rock by one