27. -Litterator- and -grammaticus- are related nearly as elementary teacher and teacher of languages with us; the latter designation belonged by earlier usage only to the teacher of Greek, not to a teacher of the mother-tongue. -Litteratus- is more recent, and denotes not a schoolmaster but a man of culture.

28.  It is at any rate a true Roman picture, which Plautus (Bacch. 431) produces as a specimen of the good old mode of training children:—­

... -ubi revenisses domum, Cincticulo praecinctus in sella apud magistrum adsideres; Si, librum cum legeres, unam peccavisses syllabam, Fieret corium tam maculosum, quam est nutricis pallium-.

29.  I. XIV.  The Oldest Italo-Greek Calendar

30.  I. XIV.  The Oldest Italo-Greek Calendar

31.  I. XV.  Plastic Art in Italy

32.  II.  VIII.  Building

33.  II.  VIII.  Building

34.  I. XV.  Earliest Hellenic Influences

35.  I. VII.  Servian Wall

36.  I. XV.  Earliest Hellenic Influences

37.  The round temple certainly was not, as has been supposed, an imitation of the oldest form of the house; on the contrary, house architecture uniformly starts from the square form.  The later Roman theology associated this round form with the idea of the terrestrial sphere or of the universe surrounding like a sphere the central sun (Fest. v. -rutundam-, p. 282; Plutarch, Num. 11; Ovid, Fast. vi. 267, seq.).  In reality it may be traceable simply to the fact, that the circular shape has constantly been recognized as the most convenient and the safest form of a space destined for enclosure and custody.  That was the rationale of the round —­thesauroi—­ of the Greeks as well as of the round structure of the Roman store-chamber or temple of the Penates.  It was natural, also, that the fireplace—­that is, the altar of Vesta—­and the fire-chamber—­that is, the temple of Vesta —­should be constructed of a round form, just as was done with the cistern and the well-enclosure (-puteal-).  The round style of building in itself was Graeco-Italian as was the square form, and the former was appropriated to the store-place, the latter to the dwelling-house; but the architectural and religious development of the simple -tholos-into the round temple with pillars and columns was Latin.

38.  I. XV.  Plastic Art in Italy

39.  II.  V. Complete Submission of the Campanian and Volscian Provinces

40.  I. XII.  Nature of the Roman Gods

41.  Novius Plautius (ii.  VIII.  Capital in Rome) cast perhaps only the feet and the group on the lid; the casket itself may have proceeded from an earlier artist, but hardly from any other than a Praenestine, for the use of these caskets was substantially confined to Praeneste.

42.  I. IX.  Settlements of the Etruscans in Italy

43.  I. XV.  Earliest Hellenic Influences

44.  I. VI.  Time and Occasion of the Reform