[555] Sir Walter Scott, writing of his childhood, mentions ’the stories told in my hearing of the cruelties after the battle of Culloden.  One or two of our own distant relations had fallen, and I remember of (sic) detesting the name of Cumberland with more than infant hatred.’  Lockhart’s Scott, i. 24.  ‘I was,’ writes Dr. A. Carlyle (Auto, p. 190), ’in the coffee-house with Smollett when the news of the battle of Culloden arrived, and when London all over was in a perfect uproar of joy.’  On coming out into the street, ‘Smollett,’ he continues, ’cautioned me against speaking a word, lest the mob should discover my country, and become insolent, “for John Bull,” says he; “is as haughty and valiant to-night as he was abject and cowardly on the Black Wednesday when the Highlanders were at Derby.”  I saw not Smollett again for some time after, when he shewed me his manuscript of his Tears of Scotland.  Smollett, though a Tory, was not a Jacobite, but he had the feelings of a Scotch gentleman on the reported cruelties that were said to be exercised after the battle of Culloden.’  See ante, ii. 374, for the madman ’beating his straw, supposing it was the Duke of Cumberland, whom he was punishing for his cruelties in Scotland in 1746.’

[556] ’He was obliged to trust his life to the fidelity of above fifty individuals, and many of these were in the lowest paths of fortune.  They knew that a price of L30,000 was set upon his head, and that by betraying him they should enjoy wealth and affluence.’  Smollett’s Hist. of England, iii. 184.

[557] ’Que les hommes prives, qui se plaignent de leurs petites infortunes, jettent les yeux sur ce prince et sur ses ancetres.’ Siecle de Louis XV, ch. 25.

[558] ’I never heard him express any noble or benevolent sentiments, or discover any sorrow or compassion for the misfortunes of so many worthy men who had suffered in his cause.  But the most odious part of his character is his love of money, a vice which I do not remember to have been imputed by our historians to any of his ancestors, and is the certain index of a base and little mind.  I have known this gentleman, with 2000 Louis d’ors in his strong box, pretend he was in great distress, and borrow money from a lady in Paris, who was not in affluent circumstances.’  Dr. W. King’s Anec. p. 201.  ‘Lord Marischal,’ writes Hume, ’had a very bad opinion of this unfortunate prince; and thought there was no vice so mean or atrocious of which he was not capable; of which he gave me several instances.’  J. H. Burton’s Hume, ii. 464.

[559] Siecle de Louis XIV, ch. 15.  The accentuation of this passage, which was very incorrect as quoted by Boswell, I have corrected.

[560] By banishment he meant, I conjecture, transportation as a convict-slave to the American plantations.

[561] Wesley in his Journal—­the reference I have mislaid—­seemed from this consideration almost to regret a reprieve that came to a penitent convict.