[429] ‘The chief glory of every people arises from its authors.’ Ib. v. 49.

[430] Four years later, three years after Goldsmith’s death, Johnson ’observed in Lord Scarsdale’s dressing-room Goldsmith’s Animated Nature; and said, “Here’s our friend.  The poor doctor would have been happy to hear of this."’ Ante, iii.162.

[431] See ante, i. 348 and ii. 438 and post, Sept. 23.  Mackintosh says:  ’Johnson’s idea that a ship was a prison with the danger of drowning is taken from Endymion Porter’s Consolation to Howell on his imprisonment in the Fleet, and was originally suggested by the pun.’ Life of Mackintosh, ii. 83.  The passage to which he refers is found in Howell’s letter of Jan. 2, 1646 (book ii. letter 39), in which he writes to Porter:—­’You go on to prefer my captivity in this Fleet to that of a voyager at sea, in regard that he is subject to storms and springing of leaks, to pirates and picaroons, with other casualties.’

[432] See ante, iii. 242.

[433] This book has given rise to much enquiry, which has ended in ludicrous surprise.  Several ladies, wishing to learn the kind of reading which the great and good Dr. Johnson esteemed most fit for a young woman, desired to know what book he had selected for this Highland nymph.  ’They never adverted (said he) that I had no choice in the matter.  I have said that I presented her with a book which I happened to have about me.’  And what was this book?  My readers, prepare your features for merriment.  It was Cocker’s Arithmetick!—­Wherever this was mentioned, there was a loud laugh, at which Johnson, when present, used sometimes to be a little angry.  One day, when we were dining at General Oglethorpe’s, where we had many a valuable day, I ventured to interrogate him.  ’But, Sir, is it not somewhat singular that you should happen to have Cocker’s Arithmetick about you on your journey?  What made you buy such a book at Inverness?’ He gave me a very sufficient answer.  ’Why, Sir, if you are to have but one book with you upon a journey, let it be a book of science.  When you have read through a book of entertainment, you know it, and it can do no more for you; but a book of science is inexhaustible.’  BOSWELL.

Johnson thus mentions his gift:  ’I presented her with a book which I happened to have about me, and should not be pleased to think that she forgets me.’ Works, ix. 32.  The first edition of Cocker’s Arithmetic was published about 1660. Brit.  Mus.  Cata. Though Johnson says that ’a book of science is inexhaustible,’ yet in The Rambler, No. 154, he asserts that ’the principles of arithmetick and geometry may be comprehended by a close attention in a few days.’  Mrs. Piozzi says (Anec. p. 77) that ’when Mr. Johnson felt his fancy disordered, his constant recurrence was to arithmetic; and one day that he was confined to his chamber, and I enquired what he had been doing to divert himself, he shewed me a calculation which I could scarce be made to understand, so vast was the plan of it; no other indeed than that the national debt, computing it at L180,000,000, would, if converted into silver, serve to make a meridian of that metal, I forget how broad, for the globe of the whole earth.’  See ante, iii. 207, and iv. 171, note 3.