The elephant first killed was a male, not full grown; his height at the withers, 8 feet 4 inches; circumference of the fore foot, 44 inches * 2 = 7 feet 4 inches.  The female was full grown, and measured in height 8 feet 8 inches; circumference of the fore foot, 48 inches * 2 = 8 feet (96 inches).  We afterward found that full-grown male elephants of this region ranged in height at the withers from 9 feet 9 inches to 9 feet 10 inches, and the circumference of the fore foot to be 4 feet 9-1/2 inches * 2 = 9 feet 7 inches.  These details are given because the general rule has been observed that twice the circumference of the impression made by the fore foot on the ground is the height of the animal.  The print on the ground, being a little larger than the foot itself, would thus seem to be an accurate mode of measuring the size of any elephant that has passed; but the above measurements show that it is applicable only to full-grown animals.  The greater size of the African elephant in the south would at once distinguish it from the Indian one; but here they approach more nearly to each other in bulk, a female being about as large as a common Indian male.  But the ear of the African is an external mark which no one will mistake even in a picture.  That of the female now killed was 4 feet 5 inches in depth, and 4 feet in horizontal breadth.  I have seen a native creep under one so as to be quite covered from the rain.  The ear of the Indian variety is not more than a third of this size.  The representation of elephants on ancient coins shows that this important characteristic was distinctly recognized of old.  Indeed, Cuvier remarked that it was better known by Aristotle than by Buffon.

Having been anxious to learn whether the African elephant is capable of being tamed, through the kindness of my friend Admiral Smythe I am enabled to give the reader conclusive evidence on this point.  In the two medals furnished from his work, “A descriptive Catalogue of his Cabinet of Roman and Imperial large brass Medals”, the size of the ears will be at once noted as those of the true African elephant.* They were even more docile than the Asiatic, and were taught various feats, as walking on ropes, dancing, etc.  One of the coins is of Faustina senior, the other of Severus the Seventh, and struck A.D. 197.  These elephants were brought from Africa to Rome.  The attempt to tame this most useful animal has never been made at the Cape, nor has one ever been exhibited in England.  There is only one very young calf of the species in the British Museum.

   * Unfortunately these illustrations can not be presented in
   this ASCII text.  A. L., 1997.