assertions of its exceeding great altitude that I was startled with the idea; but I had quite forgotten that I was speaking with men who had been accustomed to plains, and knew nothing of very high mountains.  When I inquired what the white substance was, they at once replied it was a kind of rock.  I expected to have come nearer to it, and would have ascended it; but we were led to go to the northeast.  Yet I doubt not that the native testimony of its being stone is true.  The distant ranges of hills which line the banks of the Zambesi on the southeast, and landscapes which permit the eye to range over twenty or thirty miles at a time, with short grass under our feet, were especially refreshing sights to those who had traveled for months together over the confined views of the flat forest, and among the tangled rank herbage of the great valley.

The Mozuma, or River of Dila, was the first water-course which indicated that we were now on the slopes toward the eastern coast.  It contained no flowing water, but revealed in its banks what gave me great pleasure at the time—­pieces of lignite, possibly indicating the existence of a mineral, namely, coal, the want of which in the central country I had always deplored.  Again and again we came to the ruins of large towns, containing the only hieroglyphics of this country, worn mill-stones, with the round ball of quartz with which the grinding was effected.  Great numbers of these balls were lying about, showing that the depopulation had been the result of war; for, had the people removed in peace, they would have taken the balls with them.

At the River of Dila we saw the spot where Sebituane lived, and Sekwebu pointed out the heaps of bones of cattle which the Makololo had been obliged to slaughter after performing a march with great herds captured from the Batoka through a patch of the fatal tsetse.  When Sebituane saw the symptoms of the poison, he gave orders to his people to eat the cattle.  He still had vast numbers; and when the Matebele, crossing the Zambesi opposite this part, came to attack him, he invited the Batoka to take repossession of their herds, he having so many as to be unable to guide them in their flight.  The country was at that time exceedingly rich in cattle, and, besides pasturage, it is all well adapted for the cultivation of native produce.  Being on the eastern slope of the ridge, it receives more rain than any part of the westward.  Sekwebu had been instructed to point out to me the advantages of this position for a settlement, as that which all the Makololo had never ceased to regret.  It needed no eulogy from Sekwebu; I admired it myself, and the enjoyment of good health in fine open scenery had an exhilarating effect on my spirits.  The great want was population, the Batoka having all taken refuge in the hills.  We were now in the vicinity of those whom the Makololo deem rebels, and felt some anxiety as to how we should be received.