In Japan a widespread anarchistic murder plot was discovered and suppressed.

In China a revolt for a republic began at Wuchang in October; the Manchu court made Yuan Shi-kai dictator; he summoned a National Assembly.  All southern China joined the republic movement under Sun Yat Sen; Nanking captured and made capital of the Republic.  See “THE CHINESE REVOLUTION,” XXI, 238.

1912.  Surgeons established the possibility of keeping human tissues and organs alive outside the body, and even transferring them from one body to another.  See “OUR PROGRESSING KNOWLEDGE OF LIFE SURGERY,” XXI, 273.

England and France made arbitration treaties with the United States.  See “A STEP TOWARD WORLD PEACE,” XXI, 259.

New Mexico and Arizona were admitted to United States statehood; the close of the old territorial system within the mainland of the United States.

The United States presidential election resulted in almost a political revolution.  Woodrow Wilson was elected to power by the “Progressive Democrats.”  See “THE NEW DEMOCRACY,” XXI, 323.

In Canada the French of Ontario province made vigorous protest against efforts to Anglicize them.

“TRAGEDY OF THE ‘TITANIC,’” XXI, 265.

In England there were extensive coal strikes; the Liberals prepared a Home Rule bill and Ulster threatened rebellion.

German Socialists made such gains in the German election that they became the strongest political party in the Empire.

The suffrage was extended in Italy, so as to include almost all adult males.

In Spain, prime minister Canalejas was assassinated by anarchists.

The Balkan States formed a league against Turkey, and Montenegro precipitated a war in which Bulgaria, Greece, and Servia joined her.  See “THE OVERTHROW OF TURKEY,” XXI, 282.

Turkey made peace with Italy so as to meet her new foes.  Turks everywhere defeated by the Balkan League; Bulgarians defeated Turks in chief battle of Lule-Burgas, and besieged Adrianople.

The European Powers intervened for peace.  In India England transferred the official capital to Delhi, the ancient Mogul capital.

In China, the north and south came to an agreement; the Manchu emperor abdicated and Yuan Shi-kai was made temporary president.  Peking was made the capital of the new republic.  See “THE CHINESE REVOLUTION,” XXI, 238.

The great Japanese Emperor Mutsuhito died.

1913.  Two amendments were made to the United States Constitution.  See “THE INCOME TAX IN AMERICA,” XXI, 338.

The progressive Democrats under President Wilson passed a Low-Tariff bill, an Income-Tax, law and a Currency-Revision law.  Several arbitration treaties were made with smaller nations.

In Mexico a revolution overthrew President Madero, and Huerta became dictator.  See “MEXICO PLUNGED INTO ANARCHY,” XXI, 300.

A political strike of half a million laborers in Belgium forced the government to abandon the “plural voting” system.