SOURCE: "The Realistic Conceptualism of William Ockham," Traditio, Vol. IV, 1946, pp. 307-14.

In the following excerpt, Bȯhner argues that Ockham's doctrine concerning universals is a realistic conceptualism, and that attacks on Ockham for practicing idealistic conceptualism are therefore unfounded.

Students of medieval scholasticism are accustomed to apply the name 'conceptualism' to Ockham's doctrine concerning the nature and scope of universals. This seems to be an apt designation, provided that its meaning is not burdened with idealistic connotations. Unfortunately, quite a number of neo-scholastics qualify conceptualism as a doctrine which severs the bond between thought and reality, and is therefore essentially idealistic. Small wonder, then, that such a conceptualism imputed to William Ockham falls an easy prey to their violent, and to a large extent justified, attack against idealism in general. However, as far as Ockham's conceptualism is concerned, their victory in this regard is an illusion, for...