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Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Яма́ло-Нене́цкий автоно́мный о́круг, Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug; Nenets: Ямалы-Ненёцие’’ автономной ӈокрук), or Yamalia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is the largest administrative division of Tyumen with an area 750,300 km². It is also the most sparsely populated with only 507,006 inhabitants (2002 Census). The administrative center is in Salekhard, and its two largest towns by population are Noyabrsk (pop. 96,440) and Novy Urengoy (pop. 94,456).
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Geography
Time zone
Yamalia is located in the Yekaterinburg Time Zone (YEKT/YEKST). UTC offset is +0500 (YEKT)/+0600 (YEKST).
Administrative divisions
Demographics
Population (2002): 507,006. Ethnic groups: As oil workers from across Russia far outnumber indigenous people in the region it should come as no surprise that the Nenets only make up 5.2% of the population, preceded by Tatars (5.4%), Ukrainians (13%) and ethnic Russians (58.8%). Other prominent ethnic groups include Belarusians (8,989 or 1.8%), Khants (1.7%), Azerbaijanis (8,353 or 1.65%), Bashkirs (7,932 or 1.56%), Komi (1.22%), Moldovans (5,400 or 1.06%) and so on. (all figures as per the 2002 census)
| census 1939 | census 1959 | census 1970 | census 1979 | census 1989 | census 2002 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nenets | 13,454 (29.3%) | 13,977 (22.4%) | 17,538 (21.9%) | 17,404 (11.0%) | 20,917 (4.2%) | 26,435 (5.2%) |
| Khants | 5,367 (11.7%) | 5,519 (8.9%) | 6,513 (8.1%) | 6,466 (4.1%) | 7,247 (1.5%) | 8,760 (1.7%) |
| Komi | 4,722 (10.3%) | 4,866 (7.8%) | 5,445 (6.8%) | 5,642 (3.6%) | 6,000 (1.2%) | 6,177 (1.2%) |
| Selkups | 87 (0.2%) | 1,245 (2.0%) | 1,710 (2.1%) | 1,611 (1.0%) | 1,530 (0.3%) | 1,797 (0.4%) |
| Russians | 19,308 (42.1%) | 27,789 (44.6%) | 37,518 (46.9%) | 93,750 (59.0%) | 292,808 (59.2%) | 298,359 (58.8%) |
| Ukrainians | 395 (0.9%) | 1,921 (3.1%) | 3,026 (3.8%) | 15,721 (9.9%) | 85,022 (17.2%) | 66,080 (13.0%) |
| Tatars | 1,636 (3.6%) | 3,952 (6.3%) | 4,653 (5.8%) | 8,556 (5.4%) | 26,431 (5.3%) | 27,734 (5.5%) |
| Others | 871 (1.9%) | 3,065 (4.9%) | 3,574 (4.5%) | 9,694 (6.1%) | 54,889 (11.1%) | 71,664 (14.1%) |
Vital statistics (2005)
- Births: 7,148 (birth rate 13.6)
- Deaths: 3,099 (death rate 5.9)
History
On December 10, 1930, Yamal (Nenets) National Okrug (Ямальский (Ненецкий) национальный округ) was formed based on Ural Oblast.
Economy
The area is rich in natural gas; the second largest Russian natural gas company, Novatek, is headquartered in Salekhard.
