YLE

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Yleisradio (YLE)

Type	Broadcast television network
Country	Finland
Availability	National; international (via TV Finland)
Founded	1926 (radio), 1958 (television)
Slogan	One Word. A Thousand Stories.
Market share	44.3% of finnish television viewers and 50% of radio listeners (2005)
Owner	99.9% state-owned, supervised by an Administrative Council appointed by Parliament
Key people	CEO Mikael Jungner
Launch date	September 9, 1926
Website	www.yle.fi

YLE (Full name, Finnish: Yleisradio Oy, Swedish: Rundradion Ab) is Finland's national broadcasting company, founded in 1926. YLE is a public-broadcasting organization which shares many of its characteristics with its British counterpart, the BBC, on which it was largely modeled. It is known as the Finnish Broadcasting Corporation in English. YLE is a public limited company, owned by the Finnish state (with a 99.98 % share). It is funded primarily (90%) through a television fee, allocated by the cabinet, which is between €208.15 and €215.4 per year, as well as through private television broadcasting license fees. YLE has a status that could be described as that of a non-departmental public body. It is governed by a parliamentary governing council. YLE's turnover in 2006 was 383.5 million euro. Today YLE operates five national television channels, 13 radio channels and services, and 25 regional radio stations. Finland being an officially bilingual country – around 5.5% of the population have Swedish as their mother-tongue – YLE provides radio and TV programming in Swedish through two departments: Finlands Svenska Television and Finlands Svenska Radio. As in Finland, across all channels and cinema, foreign films are subtitled also in YLE. Dubbing is used exclusively in cartoons intended for young children who are yet to learn to read. In the field of international broadcasting, one of YLE's best known services is Nuntii Latini, the news in Latin, which is broadcast worldwide as well as being made available over the internet. YLE was also one of 23 founding broadcasting organisations of the European Broadcasting Union in 1950. YLE hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 in Helsinki, Finland.

1 History
2 Television
3 Radio
4 Controversy
5 List of YLE managing directors
6 References
7 See also
8 External links
- 8.1 Audio streams
- 8.2 Video streams

YLE headquarters, the “Big Workshop” in Pasila, Helsinki.

History

Yleisradio was founded in Helsinki on May 29, 1926. The first radio programme was transmitted on 9 September the same year. This day is considered to be the birthday of regular Finnish broadcasting activities, though it was not before 1928 that YLE's broadcasting was available in the entire country. After this the broadcasting network was developed and at the beginning of the 1930's 100.000 households were able to listen YLE's programming. In 1957, YLE made its first television broadcast tests, and the following year regular TV programming was started under the name Suomen Televisio (Finnish Television). The popularity of television in the country grew rapidly and in 1964, YLE obtained TES-TV and Tamvisio, which were merged to YLE TV2. From 1969, all of YLE's programming was made entirely in colour. During the past few years, YLE has founded a number of new radio and television channels and in 2007, there was a digital television switchover.

Television

YLE TV1 is the oldest of YLE's channels and also the flagship of YLE. It services as the main news, current affairs and factual journalism channel of YLE with also a number of documentaries, drama, cultural and educational programmes being shown. Satirical entertainment, cinema and shows of British production are also included in its programming.
YLE TV2 founded in 1964 is the main channel for children's, teenagers' and sports programmes though it also shows drama, entertainment and factual programmes. Emphasis in current affairs output is on domestic items, regional content and citizens' journalism.
YLE Extra founded in 2007 is an entertainment channel. It shows mainly Live events, popular culture and sports events.
YLE Teema is the channel for culture, education and science. It focuses on recordings of performing arts, classical music, art and history documentaries, films and theme broadcasts.
YLE FST5 is the Swedish-language full service channel broadcasting news, factual and children's programmes and entertainment. It also shows many Nordic films and series. Many programmes carry Finnish subtitles.

International Channels

TV Finland is Digital satellite channel showing a selection of YLE and MTV3 progammes in other parts of Europe.

Other

Teletext (Teksti-tv) shows news, sport and programme information round the clock on both analogue and digital television. Theme pages on the weather, traffic, work and leisure.

Radio

YLE Radio 1: A radio channel for culture, in-depth current affairs and talk programmes. Classical music (concerts by the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra), jazz, folk, world music and religious music.
YLEX: A fast-tempoed programme-flow channel featuring new music and in tune with popular culture, targeted at 17 to 27-year-olds. Percentage of music is 70%. New domestic and foreign pop and rock and several special music programmes.
YLE Radio Suomi: The national and regional news, service and contact channel, also sport and entertainment. Musical fare comprising domestic and foreign hits, adult and nostalgic pop.
YLE Radio Extrem (RADIO X3M): A Swedish-language channel for current affairs debate and popular culture broadcasting also news and sport. New pop and rock and special music programmes.
YLE Radio Vega: News, current affairs and culture in Swedish for all audience groups, also offering culture and regional programmes. Adult pop, jazz and classical music.
YLE Sámi Radio: A Sámi-language network covering most of Lapland. Co-operation with SVT and NRK.
YLE Radio Peili: The news and current affairs channel presenting talk programmes from YLE's other radio and television channels. Classical jazz. Also broadcast on digital television and MW.

Digital services

Note: YLE will phase out DAB broadcasts by the end of 2005 but will continue to broadcast these channels through DVB.

Ylen Klassinen: The 24-hour digital supplementary service of classical music also broadcast on digital television.
YLE VegaPlus

International services

YLE Radio Finland: The external service of YLE broadcasting in Finnish, Swedish, English and Russian on SW, MW satellites and on the Internet.
YLE World and YLE Mondo: Radio Finland's digital programme services in English and other languages, mostly compiled from international radio services.
Capital FM (Finland): channel compiled from Radio World's and Mondo's programming in Greater Helsinki, and partly in Turku, Lahti and Kuopio.
Educational Channels: in Turku, Kuopio, Lahti and Mikkeli.

See also: List of Finnish television channels

Controversy

In radio, YLE was a legal monopoly until 1985, when local radio stations were permitted, and maintained a national monopoly until 1999, when national radio networks were allowed. In the past, YLE has been seen in Finland as a "red" or leftist medium. This was true especially in 1965–1969, during the term of Director-General Eino S. Repo, who got the position with the backing of the Agrarian League and President Kekkonen (who was a member of the Agrarian Party), as he was Kekkonen's personal friend. He was accused of favouring student radicalism and young reporters with socially critical programs that demanded reforms, and YLE was given the nickname "Reporadio". Repo resigned in 1969, but according to YLE^[1], the "political mandate" remained, as Erkki Raatikainen was named director directly from the Social Democratic Party office. Currently, YLE maintains that it is independent and impartial, and does not represent any current government's opinion, even if it is owned by the state.

List of YLE managing directors

L. M. Viherjuuri 1926 - 1927 acting
Yrjö Koskelainen 1927 - 1927 acting
A. Deinert 1927 - 1927 acting
Hjalmar Voldemar Walldén - 1927- 1945 (changed name in 1935 to J. V. (Jalmar Voldemar)
Hella Wuolijoki 1945 - 1949
Einar Sundström 1950 - 1964
Eino S. Repo 1965 - 1969
Erkki Raatikainen 1970 - 1979
Sakari Kiuru 1980 - 1989
Reino Paasilinna 1990 - 1994
Arne Wessberg 1994 - 2005
Mikael Jungner 2005 -

References

^ YLE:n elävä arkisto. YLE 80 - pääjohtajien kavalkadi. http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=4&ag=28&t=32

External links

YLE - Official site
svenska.yle.fi - Svenska YLE. Official site in Swedish.
Nuntii Latini - News in Latin
TV-maksuhallinto (the Television Fee Administration)

Audio streams

Video streams

• • e Finnish television channels
Yleisradio	YLE TV1 · YLE TV2 · YLE Extra · YLE Teema · YLE FST5 · TV Finland
MTV Media	MTV3 · Subtv · MTV3 Max · MTV3 Fakta · Subtv Leffa · Subtv Juniori
SanomaWSOY	Nelonen · JIM · KinoTV
SBS	The Voice TV · Canal+
MTG	TV1000 · Viasat Sport · Viasat Nature/Crime · Viasat Explorer · Viasat History
Others	Urheilukanava · Urheilu+kanava · TV7 · Estradi · Digiviihde · Discovery Channel · Eurosport · MTV · Nickelodeon · Cartoon · Disney Channel · Star! · Showtime · National Geographic · History Channel · HP · EbS
Regional	DINA (Greater Helsinki) · Turku TV (Turku) · TV Åland (Åland) · BotniaTV (Vaasa) · Canava Porvoo (Porvoo) · Etelä-Suomen Aluetelevisio (Lahti) · Diggari · Joutokanava (Joutsa) · JTV (Jämsä) · JTVP (Jakobstad) · KRS-tv (Kristinestad) · OUBS (Espoo) · När-Tv (Närpes) · Starvisio (Kuopio) · TV Jyväskylä (Jyväskylä) · Raisio-kanava (Raisio) · K5 (Joensuu)
Defunct	TES-TV (1956-1964) · Tamvisio (1957-1964) · MTV (1957-1993) · Kolmoskanava (1986-1993) · PTV (1989-1997) · ATV (1999-2002) · MoonTV (1997-2003) · TVTV! (2000-2001) · Viisi · Wellnet · TV-Tampere (1994-2006) · YLE 24 (2001-2007) · MTV3+ (until 2006) · Nelonen Plus (until 2007) · Forssavisio