The following railroads have been named Union Railroad or Union Railway, usually because they connected or merged several other railroads. See joint railway for the concept of a railroad owned by more than one company.
- Union Pacific Railroad, the largest railroad in the United States
- Union Railroad (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), still in operation
- Union Railway (Bronx), street railway in New York City
- Union Railroad (Brooklyn), street railway in New York City
- Union Railroad (Massachusetts freight railway), part of the Boston and Albany Railroad system
- Union Freight Railroad, freight railroad on streets in Boston
- Union Railroad (Maryland), part of the Pennsylvania Railroad system in Baltimore
- Union Railroad (Massachusetts street railway), street railway in the Boston area
- Union Railroad (Missouri), street railway in Saint Louis
- Union Railway (Missouri), street railway in Saint Joseph
- Union Railroad (New York), short part of the Erie Railroad system from Suffern to New Jersey
- Union Railway (New York), street railway in New York City
- Union Railroad (Ohio), part of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad system
- Union Railroad (Oregon), part of the Union Pacific Railroad system
- Union Railway (Pennsylvania), street railway in Chester
- Union Railroad (Rhode Island), street railway in Providence
- Union Railway (Tennessee), belt line around Memphis
- Union Railroad (Washington), street railway in Washington, D.C.
The following railroads had Union Railroad or Union Railway in their names:
- Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, Chicago to Clinton, Iowa
- Peoria and Pekin Union Railway, Pekin to Peoria
- Attalla Union Railway, street railway in Gadsden, Alabama
- Baltimore Coal and Union Railroad, part of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad system
- Binghamton, Lestershire and Union Railroad, a street railway between Binghamton, New York and Union, New York, now a part of Endicott, New York.
- Chattanooga Union Railway, Chattanooga, Tennessee
- Dayton and Union Railroad, Union City, Indiana to Dodson, Ohio
- Dayton Union Railway, Dayton, Ohio
- Delaware River and Union Railroad, Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, owned by Sun Oil
- Des Moines Union Railway, Des Moines, Iowa
- Detroit Union Railroad Depot and Station Company, Detroit, Michigan
- Fort Wayne Union Railway, Fort Wayne, Indiana
- Fremont, Lima and Union Railway, Fremont, Ohio to Rushville, Indiana via Union City, Indiana
- Gadsden and Attala Union Railroad, street railway in Gadsden, Alabama
- Indianapolis Union Railway, belt line around Indianapolis, Indiana
- Jacques Cartier Union Railway
- Kentucky Union Railway, Lexington to Jackson, Kentucky
- Lafayette Union Railroad
- Minneapolis Union Railway, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Montana Union Railway, Butte to Garrison, Montana
- Northwestern Union Railroad, Milwaukee to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
- Ogden Union Railway and Depot, Ogden, Utah
- Portland Union Railway Station, Portland, Maine
- Rock River Valley Union Railroad, state line to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
- Spartanburg and Union Railroad, Alston to Spartanburg, South Carolina
- State Line and Union Railroad, Genoa, Illinois to Columbus, Wisconsin
- Troy Union Railroad and Depot, Troy, New York
- Tulsa-Sapulpa Union Railway
- Union Railroad Transfer and Stock Yards Company, a belt line around Indianapolis, Indiana
- Union Railway and Terminal Company, St. Louis, Missouri
- Union Railway and Transit Company, St. Louis, Missouri
- Western Union Railroad, Racine, Wisconsin to Savannah and Port Byron
- Wisconsin Union Railroad, Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Illinois state line
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