The Real Thing (story)

"The Real Thing" is a short story by Henry James, first published in Black and White magazine in 1892. This parable plays with the reality-illusion dichotomy that fascinated James, especially in the later stages of his career. For the painter who narrates the story, the genuine article proves all too useless for artistic purposes. The story vividly portrays the unfortunate victims of illusion's occasional tendency to become more real than reality.

Plot summary

The narrator, an unnamed painter, hires a faded genteel couple named Monarch as models, after they have lost most of their money and must find some line of work. They are the "real thing" in aristocratic terms, but they prove inflexible and incompetent for the painter's work. He comes to rely much more on a far less genteel but far more capable pair of models, Oronte and Miss Churm. The painter finally has to part with the Monarchs, especially after his friend and fellow artist Jack Hawley criticizes their work. Hawley says that the pair has hurt the narrator's painting, perhaps permanently. In the final line of the story the narrator says he is "content to have paid the price—for the memory."

Major themes

James plays with the exact meaning of the "real thing" throughout the story's clever plot, which was suggested to him by George du Maurier. The Monarchs may be the real thing when it comes to country-house visits and drawing-room conversation, but Oronte and Miss Churm are just as much the genuine article for professional modeling. Late in the story the Monarchs desperately try to keep their jobs by actually becoming servants to the painter, Miss Churm and Oronte, in a superb example of Jamesian chiasmus. Commentators have noted a bit of fantasy wish-fulfillment in the tale. The painter is hired to illustrate a series of novels by "the rarest of the novelists—who, long neglected by the multitudinous vulgar and dearly prized by the attentive...had had the happy fortune of seeing, late in life, the dawn and then the full light of a higher criticism—an estimate in which, on the part of the public, there was something really of expiation." James's own higher criticism would come only posthumously.

Critical evaluation

Critics have generally praised what one of them called "one of James neatest tales...important as poignant fiction, aesthetic parable, antiaristocratic satire, and sunken autobiography." That James was able to fit so complex a subject into under ten thousand words was a genuine triumph of his by now completely mature technique. It is vital to note that James does not make the parable into an arid demonstration of a debating point. The characters in the story all come alive as fully individualized creations. The reader can sympathize with the Monarchs even as they prove all too incompetent, and the narrator himself is memorable for his increasingly desperate but ultimately futile attempts to help them.

References

• The Tales of Henry James by Edward Wagenknecht (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co. 1984) ISBN 0-8044-2957-X
• A Henry James Encyclopedia by Robert L. Gale (New York: Greenwood Press 1989) ISBN 0-313-25846-5
• Tales of Henry James: The Texts of the Tales, the Author on His Craft, Criticism edited by Christof Wegelin and Henry Wonham (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2003) ISBN 0-393-97710-2

External links

• First book publication of "The Real Thing" (1893)
• Author's preface to the New York Edition text of "The Real Thing" (1909)
• Note on the texts of "The Real Thing" at the Library of America web site