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Steyr AUG

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Steyr AUG
Steyr AUG A1 (508 mm (20.0 in) barrel)
Type	Assault rifle
Place of origin	Austria
Service history
In service	1978–present
Used by	Austria, Australia, Bulgaria, Falkland Islands, Republic of Ireland, Indonesia, Morocco, Oman, Philippines ^[1], Malaysia ^[2], New Zealand, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia
Wars	East Timor, Afghanistan, Iraq
Production history
Designed	1977
Manufacturer	Steyr Mannlicher
Produced	1978—present
Variants	See Variants
Specifications
Weight	3.6 kg (7.94 lb) (standard rifle) 3.3 kg (7.28 lb) (carbine) 3.2 kg (7.05 lb) (subcarbine) 3.9 kg (8.6 lb) (LMG) 3.3 kg (7.28 lb) (SMG)
Length	790 mm (31.1 in) (standard rifle) 690 mm (27.2 in) (carbine) 630 mm (24.8 in) (subcarbine) 900 mm (35.4 in) (LMG) 665 mm (26.2 in) (SMG)
Barrel length	508 mm (20.0 in) (standard rifle) 407 mm (16.0 in) (carbine) 350 mm (13.8 in) (subcarbine) 621 mm (24.4 in) (LMG) 420 mm (16.5 in) (SMG)

Cartridge	5.56x45mm NATO, 9x19mm Parabellum (AUG SMG)
Action	Gas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire	680–850 rounds/min
Muzzle velocity	940 m/s (3,084 ft/s) (standard rifle)
Effective range	Sight set at 300 m
Feed system	30 or 42-round box magazine
Sights	Swarovski 1.5x telescopic sight, notch back-up iron sight

The AUG is an Austrian 5.56 mm assault rifle, designed in the early 1970s by Steyr Mannlicher GmbH & Co KG (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch). The AUG (Armee Universal Gewehr - "Universal Army Rifle") was adopted by the Austrian Army as the StG 77 in 1977, where it replaced the aging 7.62 mm StG 58 automatic rifle (a license-built FN FAL). In production since 1978, it is the standard small arm of the Austrian Bundesheer and various police units. It has also been adopted by the armed forces of Argentina, Australia (accepted into service in 1985 and manufactured by Australian Defence Industries in Lithgow, this Austeyr model is also in use by New Zealand), Bolivia, Ecuador (1988), Ireland, Luxembourg, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia (introduced in 1978), Pakistan and since 1988, the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency.

1 Design details
2 Variants
- 2.1 American
- 2.2 Australian
3 See also
4 References
5 External links

Design details

The AUG was designed as a family of weapons that could be quickly adapted to a wide variety of roles with the change of the barrel to a desired length and profile, among which are: a compact (350 mm (13.8 in)) barrel, carbine (407 mm (16.0 in)), standard rifle (508 mm (20.0 in)) and light machine gun (621 mm (24.4 in)). The AUG is a modular, bullpup configuration weapon that employs a high level of synthetic and advanced alloy components. The primary (military) variant of the weapon designated the AUG A1, consists of six main assemblies: the barrel, receiver with integrated telescopic sight, bolt and bolt carrier, trigger mechanism, stock and magazine. The AUG is a selective fire rifle with a gas piston operated action that fires from a closed bolt. The rotating bolt features 7 locking lugs and is unlocked by means of a stud on the bolt body and a recessed camming guide in the bolt carrier's surface. The bolt carrier itself is guided by two rods inside the receiver with two recoil springs directly behind it, around the two spring guides. The bolt contains both a claw extractor and a casing ejector. The firearm uses a short-stroke piston system (the right guide rod serves as the action rod, transmitting the rearward motion of the gas-driven piston to the bolt carrier), a 3-position gas valve (the first setting is used for normal operation, the second setting - fouled conditions while the third, closed position is used to launch rifle grenades), a two-stage trigger (pulling the trigger halfway produces semi-automatic fire, pulling the trigger all the way to the rear produces fully automatic fire) and a safety mechanism (cross-bolt, button type), located above the grip. In its “safe” position the trigger is mechanically disabled. The weapon is fed from translucent, double-column box magazines (molded from a high-strength polymer) with a 30-round capacity and an empty weight of 130 g (4.59 oz). The light machine gun version of the AUG uses an extended 42-round magazine. After expending the last cartridge from the magazine the action is held in its rear position by a bolt hold-open device. The quick-change barrels used in the AUG series are cold hammer forged for increased precision and durability, their bores and certain components of the gas system are chromium plated. The barrels have 6 right-hand grooves at a twist of 228 mm (9.0 in). They lock into a steel insert inside the receiver via 8 lugs and are equipped with folding, vertical grips that are used to pivot the barrels out during changing. The most compact of the barrels has a fixed vertical grip. Flash hiders were used on the 350 mm (13.8 in), 407 mm (16.0 in) and 508 mm (20.0 in) length barrels, whereas the 621 mm (24.4 in) barrel received a muzzle device (combination flash suppressor and compensator) and a lightweight folding bipod. Rifles outfitted with 407 mm (16.0 in) and 508 mm (20.0 in) barrels are able to launch rifle grenades. 508 mm (20.0 in) pattern barrels produced for military purposes are also equipped with a bayonet lug. The manufacturer offers two other 508 mm (20.0 in) barrel configurations: the first – fitted with a fixed, post foresight (used on the standard rifle version with aperture iron sights) and the second type – equipped with a 40 mm M203 grenade launcher that can be used mounted on the standard length rifle or autonomously – as a stand-alone grenade launcher after attaching a shoulder pad to the end of the 5.56 mm barrel. The receiver housing is a steel-reinforced aluminum extrusion. The cocking lever is located at the left side and is connected with the bolt carrier's left guide rod. A bolt hold open device locks the bolt carrier assembly back when changing magazines. Integrated with the receiver is a fixed carry handle that also contains a 1.5x telescopic sight made by Swarovski. The optic is permanently set to firing at 300 m. The rifle also has a back-up iron sight with a rear notch and front blade, located on top of the optical sight housing, used in case of damage or failure of the primary optical sight. In order to mount a wide range of optics and accessories a receiver with a NATO standard rail and detachable carry handle was developed. The weapon’s stock, made from fiberglass-reinforced polyamide 66, has a pistol grip with an enlarged trigger guard that allows the gun to be fired with gloves. The AUG uses the 5.56x45mm NATO cartridge and will stabilize both SS109/M855 and M193 bullets. The weapon is fully ambidextrous (after swapping out the bolt and replacing ejection port covers). A single fire version of the rifle known as the AUG P is available to the civilian and law enforcement markets. It features a shorter (407 mm (16.0 in)) barrel and a bolt/carrier and trigger assembly that will only allow semi-automatic fire. The light machine gun variant can be modified to fire from an open bolt (called the AUG LMG). To accomplish this, a modified bolt carrier, striker and trigger mechanism with sear are used. The rifle comes standard with 4 magazines, a muzzle cap, spare bolt for left-handed shooters, blank firing adapter, cleaning kit, sling and either an American M7 or Austrian KCB bayonet. Based on the AUG, Steyr developed the 9 mm AUG submachine gun that fires the 9x19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge. It is an automatic, blowback-operated model that fires from a closed bolt. Unlike the rifle variants, this SMG has a unique 420 mm (16.5 in) barrel (with 6 right-hand grooves at a twist of 250 mm (9.8 in)) ended with a recoil compensator, a slightly different charging handle and a magazine well conversion insert enabling the use of standard 25-round box magazines from the Steyr MPi 81 and TMP submachine guns. A conversion kit used to transform any rifle variant into the submachine gun is also available. It consists of a barrel, bolt, adapter insert and magazine.

Variants

Steyr AUG A1 (407 mm (16.0 in) barrel)

Steyr AUG A2 (407 mm (16.0 in) barrel)

Steyr AUG 9 mm

Steyr AUG A3

Steyr AUG A1: Standard version introduced in 1977. Available with a choice of green or black furniture.
Steyr AUG A2: Similar to the A1, has a detachable carry handle mounted to a MIL-STD-1913 rail.
Steyr AUG A3: Upper rail and integrated MIL-STD-1913 railed foregrip.
Steyr AUG P: Semi-automatic AUG A1 with a shorter barrel.
Steyr AUG P Special Receiver: railed version of the AUG P .
Steyr AUG 9 mm (AUG SMG/AUG Para): Chambered in 9x19mm Parabellum differs from A1 model in barrel, bolt, magazine and a magazine well adapter which allows the weapon to feed from Steyr MPi 69 magazines. This version operates as a blowback weapon, without use of the rifle's gas system. For some time a kit of the above components was available to convert any AUG into a 9 mm SMG.
Steyr AUG M203: An AUG modified for use with the M203 grenade launcher.
Steyr AUG LSW (Light Support Weapon): A family of light support versions of the AUG.
Steyr AUG HBAR (Heavy-Barreled Automatic Rifle): A longer, heavier-barreled version for use as a light machine gun.
Steyr AUG LMG (Light machine gun): Based on the AUG HBAR, fires from an open bolt, has 4x rather than 1.5x optic of the base AUG.
Steyr AUG LMG–T: Same as LMG, but has rail similar to the AUG P Special Receiver.
Steyr AUG HBAR–T: A designated marksman rifle based on the HBAR.
Steyr AUG Z: Semi-automatic version, somewhat similar to the A2, intended primarily for civilian use.
Steyr USR: A Steyr AUG A2 modified to meet BATF regulations.

American

MSAR STG-556: Introduced at the 2007 SHOT Show, the MSAR STG-556 is manufactured by Microtech Small Arms Research Inc. ( a subsidiary of Microtech Knives) and is an AUG A1 clone significantly re-engineered in its working system and principle as it features a forward assist and a bolt hold-open device as seen on the M16A2; otherwise the MSAR STG-556 retains the original AUG features, such as feeding from proprietary translucent plastic magazines and having the quick-change barrel option. It is available in either civilian, semi-automatic only and military/LE, select-fire variants. ^[3]
TPD USA AXR: Revealed at the 2007 SHOT Show, manufactured by Tactical Products Design Inc. as an AUG A2 clone capable of semi-automatic only fire, aimed for both the civilian and law enforcement markets, and fed by STANAG magazines; the manufacturer sells clear plastic magazines which are STANAG 4179 compliant and will readily fit in any rifle with a compatible magazine catch. ^[4]

Australian

Austeyr F88: The Australian Army's modified version of the Steyr AUG A1, featuring a bayonet lug. The components are built under license at the Lithgow Small Arms factory west of Sydney.
Austeyr F88S: A version of the Australian F88 Austeyr with a Picatinny rail in place of the standard optic that allows the attachment of various other sights (night vision devices, magnified and non-magnified optics such as the ELCAN C79, Trijicon ACOG or Aimpoint).
Austeyr F88 GLA: Australian Army version with an M203. It features an Inter-bar (armourer attached) interface, an RM Equipment M203PI grenade launcher, and a Knight's Armament quadrant sight assembly to which a Firepoint red dot sight is attached. The bayonet lugs and forward vertical foregrip are removed.
Austeyr F88C: A carbine version of the F88 Austeyr featuring shorter barrel.
Austeyr F88A4: ADI’s proposed F88A4 will incorporate multiple Picatinny rails for the fitting of legacy systems such as the M203P1 40 mm grenade launcher as well as both commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) and military off-the-shelf (MOTS) sighting and numerous additional battle enhancement accessories.
DSTO Advanced Individual Combat Weapon: Experimental weapon combining the barrel, action and magazine of a Steyr F88 with an enlarged receiver and stock/body that also incorporates a multiple-shot 40 mm grenade launcher.