The splits are a gymnastic and dance move in which one makes their legs parallel to one another, but perpendicular to their body. The legs extend in opposite directions such that the angle of the legs is 180 degrees. There are two forms: front splits, and side splits. Side splits are also sometimes referred to as "Chinese" splits in martial arts and "straddle" splits in Yoga and may come under an array of other names, including "box" splits and "center" splits. It is a popular spectacle in many cultures because of its requirements in flexibility. The splits are associated with hamstring and iliopsoas muscles of the legs.
Variations
After achieving either split position, it is possible to sit in this pose. A split leap is performing the splits in the air while jumping. This is typically done with a front split in the air, but can also be done with a straddle split in the air. Also possible is an oversplit leap. A suspended split is when the performer is elevated and supported only by objects under his feet while in a split. The hands are not used for support. The twisting splits are when the performer rotates from the front splits, to the side splits, to the opposite front splits. Splits are also used as a warmup exercise for different styles of martial arts, like Pencak Silat, Taekwondo and karate, the purpose of which being to stretch the muscles in the legs, particularly the hamstrings, for flexibility in the legs, such as kicks. Side splits are also performed in synchronized swimming while the swimmer is upside-down and underwater.
Popular Culture
To those with less flexibility, doing "the splits" is a painful action. As such, it appears in slapstick comedy, Schadenfreude, and other forms of entertainment. Actor Jean-Claude Van Damme is know for his trademark complete splits, as is WWE Diva Melina and former WWE Wrestler Rob Van Dam.
