Silvanus may refer to:
- Silvanus (mythology), a Roman tutelary spirit of woods, apparently inherited from the Etruscan deity Selvan
- Silvanus, also called Silas, an early Christian and companion of Paul
- Silvanus of the Seventy, another early Christian and traditionally among Jesus' seventy apostles
- Saint Silvanus was one of the seven sons of Saint Felicity of Rome (2nd century).
- Claudius Silvanus, a Roman usurper in 355.
- Teachings of Silvanus, a Gnostic text among the texts of the Nag Hammadi library, hidden in Egypt when heterodox writings were being collected and burned and rediscovered in 1945
- Silvanus Melea Otieno, posthumously controversial Kenyan lawyer
- Silvanus Trevail Cornish architect
- Silvanus Trust, a charitable organization that works to develop the viable and sustainable management of small woodlands, concentrating in the southwest of England
- Silvanus (Forgotten Realms), a Forgotten Realms Dungeons & Dragons deity.
A variant, Sylvanus, may refer to:
- Colonel Sylvanus Thayer, "Father of the United States Military Academy"
- Saint Sylvanus, Bishop of Emesa in Phoenicia, martyred in the company of Saint Luke the Deacon and Saint Mucius the Lector in the persecutions of Maximian, c. 311
