Romania may refer to:
- Romania (Rumania, Roumania), the modern nation-state in southeastern Europe.
- The Byzantine Empire and lands ruled by the Empire (Greek: Ρωμανία, also the Eastern Roman Empire).
- The Empire of Romania, a Crusader state set up after the Fourth Crusade conquered Constantinople.
- Latin Europe, the places where Romance languages are spoken, or the Romance-speaking peoples as a group.
- Romagna, a historical region of Italy, currently taking part in the region of Emilia-Romagna.
