| Ramesses X | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Also written Ramses and Rameses |
|||
| Preceded by: Ramesses IX |
Pharaoh of Egypt 20th Dynasty |
Succeeded by: Ramesses XI |
|
| Reign | 1111 BC to 1107 BC | ||
| Praenomen | Khepermare setepenre | ||
| Consort(s) | Tyti | ||
| Issue | Ramesses XI? | ||
| Died | 1107 BC | ||
| Burial | KV18 | ||
Khepermare Ramesses X (also written Ramses and Rameses) (ruled c. 1111 – 1107 BC) was the ninth ruler of the 20th dynasty of Ancient Egypt. His birth name was Amonhirkhepeshef. It is uncertain if his reign was 3 or 4 Years, but there is now a strong consensus among Egyptologists that it did not last as long as 9 Years, as was previously assumed. His prenomen or throne name, Khepermaatre, means "The Justice of Re Abides."[1] He was perhaps the son of Ramesses IX by his wife Baketwernel. Ramesses X is a poorly documented king. All that is really known about his kingship is that the general insecurity and wave of tomb robberies which had become prevalent under his predecessors continued to grow under his reign. His Year 1 and Year 2 is attested by Papyrus Turin 1932+1939 while his Third Year is documented in a diary kept by a Workmen of Deir El Medina.[2] The Diary mentions the general idleness of the necropolis workmen due to the threat posed by Libyan marauders in the Valley of the Kings. It records that the Deir El-Medina workmen were absent from work in Year 3 IIIrd Month of Peret (ie: Winter) days 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 21 and 24 for fear of the "desert-dwellers" (ie: the Libyans or Meshwesh) who evidently roamed through Upper Egypt and Thebes at will.[3] This is partly a reflection of the massive Libyan influx into the Western Delta region of Lower Egypt during this time. Ramesses X is also the last New Kingdom king whose rule over Nubia is attested--from an inscription at Aniba.[4] His KV18 tomb in the Valley of the Kings was left unfinished and it is uncertain if he was ever buried here since no remains or fragments of funerary objects were discovered within it.
References
- ^ Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd., 2006 paperback, p.167
- ^ E.F. Wente & C.C. Van Siclen, "A Chronology of the New Kingdom" in Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes, (SAOC 39) 1976, p.261
- ^ J. Cerny, "Egypt from the Death of Ramesses III" in Cambridge Archaeological History (CAH), 'The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380-1000 BC', 1975, p.618
- ^ Nicolas Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt, (Blackwell Books: 1992), p.291
- Nos ancêtres de l'Antiquité, 1991, Christian Settipani, p. 153, 169 and 173
