The Principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university in certain parts of the Commonwealth.
Scotland
In Scotland the Principal is appointed by the University Court or governing body of the University and will be chairman or president of the body of academics. In the case of the ancient universities of Scotland the Principal is President of the Academic Senate. The Principal also holds the title of Vice-Chancellor but their powers with regard to this position extend only to the awarding of degrees, as both the Vice-Chancellor and Chancellor are titular posts.
Canada
Queen's University and McGill University in Canada have Principals instead of Presidents, as a result of their Scottish origins. In addition the Memorial University Campus - Sir Wilfred Grenfell College has a principal.
