Paavo Nurmi

Olympic medalist
[[Image:|Center|250px]] Paavo Nurmi
Medal record
Men's athletics
Gold	1920 Antwerp	10000 m
Gold	1920 Antwerp	8000 m cross country
Gold	1920 Antwerp	8000 m cross country team
Gold	1924 Paris	1500 m
Gold	1924 Paris	5000 m
Gold	1924 Paris	5000 m cross country
Gold	1924 Paris	5000 m cross country team
Gold	1924 Paris	3000 m team
Gold	1928 Amsterdam	10000 m
Silver	1920 Antwerp	5000 m
Silver	1928 Amsterdam	5000 m
Silver	1928 Amsterdam	3000 m steeplechase

Paavo Johannes Nurmi (pronunciation (help·info)) (June 13, 1897 – October 2, 1973) was a Finnish runner. Born in Turku, he was known as one of the "Flying Finns"; a term given to him, Hannes Kolehmainen, Ville Ritola and others for their distinction in running. During the 1920s, Nurmi was the best middle and long distance runner in the world, setting world records at distances between 1500 m and 20 km. Nurmi won a total of nine gold and three silver medals in the 12 events in which he competed at the Olympic Games from 1920 to 1928. In 1932, Nurmi was unable to compete at the Olympics, as he had received money for his running and was thus considered a professional.

Contents 1 Career 1.1 Olympic career 1.2 A "professional" 2 Trivia 3 References 4 External links 5 References

Career

Olympic career

Nurmi debuted at the 1920 Summer Olympics by competing in four events. He won three gold medals: the 10,000 m, the cross country event and the cross country team event, and finished second in the 5000 m. In 1924, he won five gold medals in five events, including the 1500 m, 5000 m (with only 26 minutes between the final races), the 3000 m team race, and again both cross country events. It was the last time these cross country events were held, as the great heat caused more than half of the competitors to abandon the race, and many more had to be taken to hospital. Finnish officials, fearing for his health, refused to enter Nurmi in the 10,000 m event. Thus, he was unable to defend his title. An angry Nurmi protested after returning to Finland by setting a 10,000 m world record that would last for almost 13 years. Nurmi ended his Olympic career at the 1928 Summer Olympics, winning the 10,000 m and two silver medals (5000 m and 3000 m steeplechase). To this day, Nurmi is the single athlete in Track & Field who has won most Olympic medals, 12 in total. Due to this fact he is often considered as the greatest Track & Field athlete of all time.

A "professional"

Nurmi continued to run after the Olympics in Amsterdam with every intent to compete in the 10,000 m and marathon events at the 1932 Summer Olympics, but he was branded a professional and barred from running in Los Angeles. The main conductors of the ban were the Swedish officials, especially Sigfrid Edström, the president of the IAAF and vice-president of the IOC. Edström claimed that Nurmi had received too much money for his travel expenses to a meet in Germany. This was seen as jealousy by many in Finland and in part led to Finland refusing to participate in the traditional Finland-Sweden international athletics event Suomi-Ruotsi-maaottelu or Finnkampen until 1939. However, Nurmi did travel to Los Angeles and kept training at the Olympic Village. Despite pleas from all the entrants of the marathon, Nurmi was not allowed to compete at the Games. Although he had suffered from injuries, he claimed he would have won the marathon by five minutes. He had set his heart on ending his career with a marathon gold medal, as his fellow countryman Kolehmainen had done after the First World War. A Finnish national hero, Paavo Nurmi was the lighter of the Olympic Flame at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. In retirement he ran a haberdashery store in Helsinki. Nurmi died in 1973 in Helsinki and was given a state funeral.

Trivia

Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.

• Nurmi toured the United States in 1925 and competed in 55 events (45 indoors and 10 outdoors) during a five-month period. He broke 39 official and unofficial world records and won 53 of the events. He abandoned one race and lost only an 880-yard sprint to the home country's star half-miler Alan Helffrich. The tour made Nurmi immensely popular in the USA.
• Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä named an asteroid after Nurmi in 1939; 1740 Paavo Nurmi.
• An annual Paavo Nurmi Marathon has been held in Wisconsin, USA since 1969. An event with the same name has also been held in Turku, Nurmi's home town, since 1991.
• Nurmi was mentioned in the 1974 novel Marathon Man, as the idol of the protagonist. In the movie adaptation he was replaced with Abebe Bikila. However in the film Nurmi's runner picture can be seen on the main character's wall.
• A widely publicized practical joke by students at the Helsinki University of Technology took place in 1961, when a team of students smuggled a statue of Nurmi onto the 300-year-old wreck of the Swedish Regalskeppet Vasa just days before its lifting from the bottom of the sea^[1]
• A Hollywood star, Maila Nurmi, who created the well-remembered 1950s character of Vampira, claims to be Paavo Nurmi's niece. Her portrayal of this character as a television horror host and in films was influential over decades that followed. Their consanguinity, however, has not been verified.
• Nurmi never raced without a stopwatch in his hand, although he occasionally tossed it aside after building up a sufficient space cushion between himself and rival runners.
• There is a Paavo Nurmi Gymnasium at Finlandia University, Hancock, Michigan, USA.

References

External links

• Paavo Nurmi 100 years

•  • e Olympic champions in men's 1500 m

1896: Teddy Flack • 1900: Charles Bennett • 1904: Jim Lightbody • 1906: Jim Lightbody • 1908: Mel Sheppard • 1912: Arnold Jackson • 1920: Albert Hill • 1924: Paavo Nurmi • 1928: Harry Larva • 1932: Luigi Beccali • 1936: Jack Lovelock • 1948: Henry Eriksson • 1952: Josy Barthel • 1956: Ron Delany • 1960: Herb Elliott • 1964: Peter Snell • 1968: Kip Keino • 1972: Pekka Vasala • 1976: John Walker • 1980: Sebastian Coe • 1984: Sebastian Coe • 1988: Peter Rono • 1992: Fermín Cacho • 1996: Noureddine Morceli • 2000: Noah Ngeny • 2004: Hicham El Guerrouj

•  • e Olympic champions in men's 5000 m

1912: Hannes Kolehmainen • 1920: Joseph Guillemot • 1924: Paavo Nurmi • 1928: Ville Ritola • 1932: Lauri Lehtinen • 1936: Gunnar Höckert • 1948: Gaston Reiff • 1952: Emil Zátopek • 1956: Vladimir Kuts • 1960: Murray Halberg • 1964: Bob Schul • 1968: Mohammed Gammoudi • 1972: Lasse Virén • 1976: Lasse Virén • 1980: Miruts Yifter • 1984: Saïd Aouita • 1988: John Ngugi • 1992: Dieter Baumann • 1996: Vénuste Niyongabo • 2000: Millon Wolde • 2004: Hicham El Guerrouj

•  • e Olympic champions in men's 5 miles and 10000 m
As five miles	1906: Henry Hawtrey • 1908: Emil Voigt
As 10000 metres	1912: Hannes Kolehmainen • 1920: Paavo Nurmi • 1924: Ville Ritola • 1928: Paavo Nurmi • 1932: Janusz Kusocinski • 1936: Ilmari Salminen • 1948:  Emil Zátopek • 1952:  Emil Zátopek • 1956: Vladimir Kuts • 1960: Pyotr Bolotnikov • 1964: Billy Mills • 1968: Naftali Temu • 1972: Lasse Virén • 1976: Lasse Virén  • 1980: Miruts Yifter • 1984: Alberto Cova • 1988: Brahim Boutayeb • 1992: Khalid Skah • 1996: Haile Gebrselassie • 2000: Haile Gebrselassie • 2004: Kenenisa Bekele

Records
Preceded by Norman Taber	Men's Mile World Record Holder August 23, 1923 – October 4, 1931	Succeeded by Jules Ladoumègue
Preceded by John Zander	Men's 3,000 m World Record Holder August 27, 1922 – June 7, 1925	Succeeded by Edvin Wide
Preceded by Edvin Wide	Men's 3,000 m World Record Holder May 24, 1926 – June 19, 1932	Succeeded by Janusz Kusociński
Preceded by Jean Bouin	Men's 10,000 m World Record Holder June 22, 1921 – May 25, 1924	Succeeded by Ville Ritola
Preceded by Ville Ritola	Men's 10,000 m World Record Holder August 31, 1924 – July 18, 1937	Succeeded by Ilmari Salminen
Sporting positions
Preceded by John Mark London 1948	Final Summer Olympic Torchbearer Paavo Nurmi Helsinki 1952	Succeeded by Ron Clarke and Hans Wikne Melbourne / Stockholm 1956

Persondata
NAME	Nurmi, Paavo Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Finnish runner
DATE OF BIRTH	June 13, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH	Turku, Finland
DATE OF DEATH	October 2, 1973
PLACE OF DEATH	Helsinki, Finland

References