Nellie Tayloe Ross

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Nellie Tayloe Ross
14th Governor of Wyoming
In office January 5, 1925 – January 3, 1927
Preceded by	Frank E. Lucas
Succeeded by	Frank Emerson
Born	November 29, 1876 Andrew County, Missouri
Died	December 19 1977 (aged 101) Washington, D.C.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	William Bradford Ross
Profession	Teacher, Politician
Religion	Episcopalian

Nellie Tayloe Ross (November 29, 1876 – December 19, 1977) was an American politician, the governor of Wyoming from 1925 to 1927, and director of the National Mint for many years. She was the first woman to serve as governor of a U.S. state. She is also to date the only woman to have served as governor of Wyoming.

Life

Nellie Davis Tayloe was born in Andrew County, Missouri near Amazonia, Missouri to James Wynn Tayloe, a native of Warreney County, Tennessee, and his wife, Elizabeth Blair Green who had a plantation adjacent to the Missouri River. The family moved to Miltonvale, Kansas in 1886 when she was seven after the Andrew County house burned and the sheriff was about to foreclose on the property.^{[1] [2]} The family shortly moved again to Omaha where she attended a teacher training college for four years and then taught kindergarten. While on a visit to her relatives in Dover, Tennessee, she met a young shop keeper named William Bradford Ross, whom she would marry on September 11, 1902. William Ross decided to practice law in the West, and the young couple moved to Cheyenne, Wyoming. William Ross was successful there and soon became one of the leaders of the Democratic Party in the state. He ran for office several times, but always lost in heavily Republican Wyoming. In 1922 William Ross was elected governor of Wyoming by appealing to progressive voters in both parties. However, after little more than a year and a half in office, he died on October 2, 1924, from complications following an appendectomy. The Democratic Party then nominated his widow to run for governor in a special election the following month to succeed him. Nellie Tayloe Ross refused to campaign, but easily won the race on November 4, 1924. On January 5, 1925, she became the first woman governor in the history of the United States. As governor she continued her late husband's policies, which called for tax cuts, government assistance for poor farmers, banking reform, and laws protecting children, women workers, and miners. She urged Wyoming to ratify a pending federal amendment prohibiting child labor. Like her husband, she advocated the strengthening of Prohibition laws. She ran for re-election in 1926, but was narrowly defeated. Ross blamed her loss in part on the fact that she had again refused to campaign for herself and for her support for Prohibition. Nevertheless, she remained active in the Democratic Party and campaigned for Al Smith in the 1928 presidential election. She also served as vice chairman of the Democratic Party. Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed her as the first female director of the U.S. Mint on May 3, 1933, where she served five full terms until her retirement in 1953, when Republicans regained the White House. After her retirement, Ross contributed articles to various women's magazines and also traveled extensively. She made her last trip to Wyoming in 1972 at age 96. She died in Washington, D.C. in 1977 at the age of 101 and was buried in the family plot in Lakeview Cemetery, Cheyenne, Wyoming.

• Note: Miriam Ferguson was elected governor of Texas on the same day as Nellie Tayloe Ross won her election. However, Ross was inaugurated 16 days before Ferguson was.

References

• Scheer, Teva J (2005). Governor Lady, The Life and Times of Nellie Tayloe Ross. University of Missouri Press. ISBN-13: 978-0-8262-1626-7. 

External links

• Famous Firsts by American Women