The following is a list of monarchs of Sicily.
Counts of Sicily
Sicily was granted, pending its Christian reconquest, to Robert Guiscard as "duke" in 1059 by Pope Nicholas II. The Guiscard granted it as a county to his brother Roger. Hauteville Dynasty, 1071–1130
Kings of Sicily
Roger II received royal investiture from Antipope Anacletus II in 1130 and recognition from Pope Innocent II in 1139. Sicily, which by then comprised not only the island, but also the southern third of the Italian peninsula, rapidly expanded itself to include Malta and the Mahdia, the latter if only briefly.
Hauteville Dynasty, 1130–1198
- 1130–1154 Roger II
- 1154–1166 William I the Bad
- 1166–1189 William II the Good
- 1189–1194 Tancred
- 1194 William III
- 1194–1198 Constance
Constance was married to the Emperor Henry VI and he pressed his claim to the kingdom from William II's death, but only succeeded in displacing his wife's family in 1194.
Hohenstaufen Dynasty, 1194–1266
- 1194–1197 Henry - also Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
- 1198–1250 Frederick I - also Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
- 1250–1254 Conrad I - also Conrad IV, German King
- 1254–1258 Conrad II - known as Conradin of Swabia
- 1258–1266 Manfred
Conradin continued his claim until his death, but his guardian Manfred seized power in 1258. In 1252, Pope Innocent IV crowned Edmund Crouchback in opposition to Conrad and in 1265 the crown of opposition was granted to Charles of Anjou (Angevin), who succeeded in dispossessing Manfred in 1266.
Angevin Dynasty, 1266–1282
- 1266–1282 Charles I - later Charles I, King of Naples
Peter III of Aragon, Manfred's son in law, of the House of Barcelona, conquered the island of Sicily from Charles I in 1282 and had himself crowned King of Sicily. Thereafter, the old Kingdom of Sicily was centred on the mainland, with capital at Naples. It was still known formally as "Kingdom of Sicily", although informally as Kingdom of Naples. Thus, there were two "Sicilies", and to distinguish the two, the island was often called "Sicily beyond the Lighthouse" or Trinacria by treaty. The two kingdoms were reunited only much later.
Aragonese Kings of Sicily (Trinacria), 1282–1409
- 1282–1285 Peter I - also Peter III, King of Aragon
- 1285–1296 James - also James II, King of Aragon
- 1296–1336 Frederick II
- 1337–1342 Peter II
- 1342–1355 Louis
- 1355–1377 Frederick III the Simple
- 1377–1401 Mary
- 1395–1409 Martin I the Younger
Martin I died heirless and the kingdom was inherited by his father who united it to the Crown of Aragon
Aragonese direct rule 1409-1516
- 1409–1410 Martin II the Elder - also Martin I, King of Aragon
- 1410–1412 interregnum
- 1412–1416 Ferdinand I - also Ferdinand I, King of Aragon
- 1416–1458 Alfonso - also Alfonso V, King of Aragon
- Viceroy: John of Aragon, Duke of Peñafiel, later John II, King of Aragon 1416
- Viceroy: Domingo Ram y Lanaja, Bishop of Lérida 1416-1419
- Viceroy: Antonio de Cardona 1419-1421 (1st term)
- Viceroy: Giovanni de Podio 1421-1422
- Viceroy: Niccolò Speciale 1423-1424 (1st term)
- Viceroy: Peter, infans of Aragón 1424-1425
- Viceroy: Niccolò Speciale 1425-1432 (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Pedro Felice 1432-1433
- direct rule of King Alfonso V 1433-1435
- Viceroy: Ruggero Paruta 1435-1439
- Viceroy: Bernardo de Requesens 1439-1440 (1st term)
- Viceroy: Gilberto Centelles 1440-1441
- Viceroy: Raimundo Perellós 1441-1443
- Viceroy: Lope Ximénez de Urrea 1443-1459 (1st term)
- 1458–1479 John - also John II, King of Aragon
- Viceroy: Juan de Moncayo 1459-1463
- Viceroy: Bernardo de Requesens 1463-1465 (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Lope Ximénez de Urrea 1465-1475 (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Guillermo Pujades 1475-1477
- Viceroy: Juan Ramón Folch de Cardona, Count of Pradés 1477-1479
- 1479–1516 Ferdinand II - also Ferdinand II, King of Aragon
- Viceroy: Gaspar de Espes 1479-1489
- Viceroy: Fernando de Acuña 1489-1495
- Viceroy: Juan de Lanuza 1495-1507
- Viceroy: Ramón de Cardona, Count of Albento 1507-1509
- Viceroy: Hugo de Moncada 1509-1517
Spanish direct rule, 1516–1713
- 1516–1554 Charles II - also Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain
- Viceroy: Ettore Pignatelli, Duke of Monteleone 1517-1534
- Viceroy: Simone Ventimiglia, Marquis of Gerace 1534-1535 Interim
- Viceroy: Ferrante Gonzaga, Prince of Molfetta 1535-1546
- Viceroy: Ambrogio Santapace, Marquis of Licodia 1546-1547 Interim
- Viceroy: Juan de Vega, Lord of Grajal 1547-1557
- 1554–1598 Philip I - also Philip II, King of Spain
- Viceroy: Juan de la Cerda y Silva, Duke of Medinaceli 1557-1564
- Viceroy: García de Toledo y Osorio, Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo 1564-1566
- Viceroy: Carlos de Aragón, Duke of Terranova 1566-1568 Interim (1st term)
- Viceroy: Fernando Francesco d'Ávalos, Marquis of Pescara 1568-1571
- Viceroy: Giuseppe Francesco Landriano, Count of Landriano 1571 Interim
- Viceroy: Carlos de Aragón, Duque de Terranova 1571-1577 Interim (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Marcantonio Colonna, Prince of Paliano 1577-1584
- Viceroy: Juan Alfonso Bisbal, Count of Briático 1584-1585 Interim
- Viceroy: Diego Enríquez de Guzmán, Count of Alba de Liste 1585-1592
- Viceroy: Enrique de Guzmán, Count of Olivares 1592-1595
- Viceroy: Giovanni Ventimiglia, Marquis of Gerace 1595-1598 Interim (1st term)
- 1598–1621 Philip II - also Philip III, King of Spain
- Viceroy: Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duke of Maqueda 1598-1601
- Viceroy: Jorge de Cárdenas, Marquis of Elche 1601-1602 Interim
- Viceroy: Lorenzo Suárez de Figueroa y Córdoba, Duke of Feria 1602-1606
- Viceroy: Giovanni Ventimiglia, Marquis of Gerace 1606-1607 Interim (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Juan Fernández Pacheco, Duke of Escalona 1607-1610
- Viceroy: Giovanni Doria, Cardinal 1610-1611 Interim (1st term)
- Viceroy: Pedro Téllez-Girón, Duke of Osuna 1611-1616
- Viceroy: Francisco Ruiz de Castro 1616-1622
- 1621–1665 Philip III - also Philip IV, King of Spain
- Viceroy: Philibert of Savoy 1622-1624
- Viceroy: Giovanni Doria, Cardinal 1624-1626 (2nd term)
- Viceroy: Antonio Pimentel y Toledo, Marquis of Tavora 1626-1627
- Viceroy: Enrique Pimentel, Count of Villada 1627
- Viceroy: Francisco de la Cueva, Duke of Albuquerque 1627-1632
- Viceroy: Fernando Afán de Ribera y Enríquez, Duke of Alcalá 1632-1635
- Viceroy: Luis de Moncada, Duke of Montalvo 1635-1639 Interim
- Viceroy: Francisco de Melo, Marquis of Villanueva 1639-1641
- Viceroy: Juan Alfonso Enríquez de Cabrera 1641-1644
- Viceroy: Pedro Fajardo Requesens y Zúñiga, Marquis of los Vélez 1644-1647
- Viceroy: Vicente de Guzmán, Marquis of Montealegre 1647 Interim
- Viceroy: Teodoro Trivulzio, Cardinal 1647-1649
- Viceroy: Juan José de Austria 1649-1651
- Viceroy: Rodrigo de Mendoza, Duke of Infantado 1651-1655
- Viceroy: Juan Téllez-Girón, Duke of Osuna 1655-1656
- Viceroy: Martín de Redín 1656-1657
- Viceroy: Pedro Rubeo 1657-1660 Interim
- Viceroy: Fernando de Ayala, Count of Ayala 1660-1663
- Viceroy: Francesco Caetani, Duke of Sermoneta 1663-1667
- 1665–1700 Charles III - also Charles II, King of Spain
- Viceroy: Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, Duke of Alburquerque 1667-1670
- Viceroy: Claude Lamoral, Prince of Ligne 1670-1674
- Viceroy: Francisco Bazán de Benavides 1674 Interim
- Viceroy: Fadrique de Toledo y Osorio, Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo 1674-1676
- Viceroy: Anielo de Guzmán, Marquis of Castel Rodrigo 1676 Interim
- Viceroy: Francisco de Gattinara, Marquis of San Martín 1676 Interim
- Viceroy: Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, Cardinal 1677-1678 Interim
- Viceroy: Vincenzo Gonzaga 1678
- Viceroy: Francisco de Benavides, Count of Santisteban 1678-1687
- Viceroy: Juan Francisco Pacheco, Duke of Uceda 1687-1696
- Viceroy: Pietro Colonna, Duke of Veragua 1696-1701
- 1700–1713 Philip IV - also Philip V, King of Spain
- Viceroy: Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, Duke of Escalona 1701-1702
- Viceroy: Francesco Del Giudice, Cardinal 1702-1705 Interim
- Viceroy: Isidoro de la Cueva y Benavides, Marquis of Bedmar 1705-1707
- Viceroy: Carlo Antonio Spinola, Marquis of los Balbases 1707-1713
At the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, by the Treaty of Utrecht, Sicily was ceded to the Duke of Savoy
House of Savoy, 1713–1720
- 1713–1720 Victor Amadeus - also Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy
- Viceroy: Annibale Maffei, Count 1714-1718
- Viceroy: Giovan Francesco di Bette, Marquis of Lede 1714-1718
- Viceroy: Niccolò Pignatelli, Duke of Monteleone 1718-1719
The Spanish invaded the kingdom in 1718 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. The Duke of Savoy ceded it to Austria in 1720 by the Treaty of The Hague.
Austrian direct rule, 1720–1734
- 1720–1735 Charles IV - also Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
- Viceroy: Joaquín Fernández de Portocarrero, Marquis of Almahara 1722-1728
- Viceroy: Cristoforo Fernandez de Cordoba, Count of Sastago 1728-1734
Conquered by the Spanish during the War of the Polish Succession the kingdom was ceded together with Naples to a cadet son of the King of Spain.
Neapolitan direct rule, 1734-1816
- 1735–1759 Charles V - also Charles VII, King of Naples
- Viceroy: José Cartillo Albornoz, Count of Montemar 1734-1737
- Viceroy: Bartolomeo Corsini, Prince of Gismano 1737-1747
- Viceroy: Eustache de Laviefuille, Duke of Laviefuille 1747-1755
- Viceroy: Giovanni Fogliani d'Aragona, Marquis of Pellegrino 1755-1775
- 1759–1806 Ferdinand III - also Ferdinand IV, King of Naples
- Viceroy: Marcantonio Colonna, Prince of Stigliano 1775-1781
- Viceroy: Domenico Caracciolo, Marquis of Villamarino 1781-1786
- Viceroy: Francesco d'Aquino, Prince of Caramanico 1786-1795
- Viceroy: Francisco Lopez y Rojo, Archbishop of Palermo 1795-1798
- Viceroy: Tommaso Ferrao, Prince of Liuzzi 1798-1802
- Viceroy: Domenico Pignatelli, Archbishop of Palermo 1802-1803
- Viceroy: Alessandro Filangieri, Prince of Cutò 1803-1806
- direct rule of King Ferdinand III 1806-1813
- Lieutenant-General: Francis, Duke of Calabria 1813-1816
- Lieutenant-General: Niccolò Filangieri, Prince of Cutò 1816
In 1816 the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily were merged into the new Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
