List of Prime Ministers of France
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This page is a list of French prime ministers . Before 1959, there was no official position entitled "Prime Minister" in the French government. Under the Monarchy, it was sometimes given to the King's principal minister. During the Third Republic , one of the government ministers held the semi-official title of President of the Council of Ministers (Président du Conseil des Ministres ), and was unofficially known as the prime minister (premier ministre ). Even this was something of a misnomer, as it was the President of the Republic who actually presided over the Council of Ministers. In order to enforce the position, the title became official in 1946, under the Fourth Republic . It was replaced by the official title of "Premier ministre" by the constitution of the Fifth Republic in 1959 .
Chief Ministers of the French Kings, 1624-1791 Louis XIV ruled without a chief minister after Mazarin's death. After Louis' death, his nephew Philip II, Duke of Orléans , regent for Louis XV , directed the government in person before he appointed a prime minister in 1718 .
With Fleury's death, Louis XV , like his great-grandfather, announced that he was taking control of policy into his own hands. Later in his reign, he would once again appoint ministers to direct affairs on his behalf, a practice which would continue under his successor:
1792-1815 During the First Republic and First Empire periods the arrangements for the direction of the government of France changed frequently and there was no office of Prime Minister. See the relevant articles for details.
Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord was the first Prime Minister of France
Prime Ministers of France, 1815-present
Prime Minister
from
to
Party
Restoration Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord ,July 9 , 1815 September 26 , 1815
Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu September 26 , 1815 December 29 , 1818
Jean-Joseph, Marquis Dessolles December 29 , 1818 November 19 , 1819
Élie, Comte Decazes November 19 , 1819 February 20 , 1820
Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu February 20 , 1820 December 14 , 1821
Jean-Baptiste de Villèle December 14 , 1821 January 4 , 1828
Jean-Baptiste Gaye, Vicomte de Martignac January 4 , 1828 August 8 , 1829
Jules, Prince de Polignac August 8 , 1829 July 29 , 1830
July Monarchy none
August 2 , 1830 August 13 , 1830
Victor, duc de Broglie August 13 , 1830 November 2 , 1830
Jacques Laffitte November 2 , 1830 March 13 , 1831
Casimir Pierre Perier March 13 , 1831 May 16 , 1832
none
May 16 , 1832 October 11 , 1832
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult , Duc de DalmatieOctober 11 , 1832 July 18 , 1834
Etienne-Maurice, Comte Gérard July 18 , 1834 November 10 , 1834
Hugues Maret, Duc de Bassano November 10 , 1834 November 18 , 1834
Edouard Mortier, Duc de Treviso November 18 , 1834 March 12 , 1835
Victor, duc de Broglie March 12 , 1835 February 22 , 1836
Adolphe Thiers February 22 , 1836 September 6 , 1836
Louis, Comte Molé September 6 , 1836 March 31 , 1839
none
March 31 , 1839 May 12 , 1839
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult , Duc de DalmatieMay 12 , 1839 March 1 , 1840
Adolphe Thiers March 1 , 1840 October 29 , 1840
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult , Duc de DalmatieOctober 29 , 1840 September 19 , 1847
François Guizot September 19 , 1847 February 23 , 1848
Louis, Comte Molé February 23 , 1848 February 24 , 1848
Second Republic Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure February 24 , 1848 May 9 , 1848
François Arago May 10 , 1848 June 24 , 1848
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac June 28 , 1848 December 20 , 1848
Odilon Barrot December 20 , 1848 October 31 , 1849
Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul October 31 , 1849 April 10 , 1851
Léon Faucher April 10 , 1851 October 26 , 1851
none
October 26 , 1851 December 2 , 1852
Second Empire none
December 2 , 1852 December 27 , 1869
Émile Ollivier December 27 , 1869 August 9 , 1870
Charles Cousin-Montauban, Comte de Palikao August 9 , 1870 September 4 , 1870
Provisional Government
Jules Trochu September 4 , 1870 September 4 , 1870
Jean-Pierre Napoléon Eugène Chevandier de Valdrôme September 4 , 1870 February 18 , 1871
Third Republic Jules Dufaure February 19 , 1871 May 24 , 1873
Albert, duc de Broglie May 25 , 1873 May 22 , 1874
Ernest Courtot de Cissey May 22 , 1874 March 10 , 1875
Louis Buffet March 10 , 1875 February 23 , 1876
Jules Dufaure February 23 , 1876 December 12 , 1876
Jules Simon December 12 , 1876 May 17 , 1877
Albert, duc de Broglie May 17 , 1877 November 23 , 1877
Gaëtan de Rochebouët November 23 , 1877 December 13 , 1877
Jules Dufaure December 13 , 1877 February 4 , 1879
William Waddington February 4 , 1879 December 28 , 1879
Charles de Freycinet December 28 , 1879 September 23 , 1880
Jules Ferry September 23 , 1880 November 14 , 1881
Léon Gambetta November 14 , 1881 January 30 , 1882
Charles de Freycinet January 30 , 1882 August 7 , 1882
Charles Duclerc August 7 , 1882 January 29 , 1883
Armand Fallières January 29 , 1883 February 21 , 1883
Jules Ferry February 21 , 1883 April 6 , 1885
Henri Brisson April 6 , 1885 January 7 , 1886
Charles de Freycinet January 7 , 1886 December 16 , 1886
René Goblet December 16 , 1886 May 30 , 1887
Maurice Rouvier May 30 , 1887 December 12 , 1887
Pierre Tirard December 12 , 1887 April 3 , 1888
Charles Floquet April 3 , 1888 February 22 , 1889
Pierre Tirard February 22 , 1889 March 17 , 1890
Charles de Freycinet March 17 , 1890 February 27 , 1892
Émile Loubet February 27 , 1892 December 6 , 1892
Alexandre Ribot December 6 , 1892 April 4 , 1893
Charles Dupuy April 4 , 1893 December 3 , 1893
Jean Casimir-Perier December 3 , 1893 May 30 , 1894
Charles Dupuy May 30 , 1894 January 26 , 1895
Alexandre Ribot January 26 , 1895 November 1 , 1895
Léon Bourgeois November 1 , 1895 April 29 , 1896
Jules Méline April 29 , 1896 June 28 , 1898
Henri Brisson June 28 , 1898 November 1 , 1898
Charles Dupuy November 1 , 1898 June 22 , 1899
René Waldeck-Rousseau June 22 , 1899 June 7 , 1902
Émile Combes June 7 , 1902 January 24 , 1905 Radical
Maurice Rouvier January 24 , 1905 March 12 , 1906
Ferdinand Sarrien March 12 , 1906 October 25 , 1906
Georges Clemenceau October 25 , 1906 July 24 , 1909 Radical
Aristide Briand July 24 , 1909 March 2 , 1911 SFIO
Ernest Monis March 2 , 1911 June 27 , 1911
Joseph Caillaux June 27 , 1911 January 21 , 1912
Raymond Poincaré January 21 , 1912 January 21 , 1913 PDR
Aristide Briand January 21 , 1913 March 22 , 1913 PRS
Louis Barthou March 22 , 1913 December 9 , 1913
Gaston Doumergue December 9 , 1913 June 9 , 1914
Alexandre Ribot June 9 , 1914 June 13 , 1914
René Viviani June 13 , 1914 October 29 , 1915
Aristide Briand October 29 , 1915 March 20 , 1917 PRS
Alexandre Ribot March 20 , 1917 September 12 , 1917
Paul Painlevé September 12 , 1917 November 16 , 1917 PRS
Georges Clemenceau November 16 , 1917 January 20 , 1920 Radical
Alexandre Millerand January 20 , 1920 September 24 , 1920
Georges Leygues September 24 , 1920 January 16 , 1921
Aristide Briand January 16 , 1921 January 15 , 1922 PRS
Raymond Poincaré January 15 , 1922 June 8 , 1924 PDR
Frédéric François-Marsal June 8 , 1924 June 15 , 1924
Édouard Herriot June 15 , 1924 April 17 , 1925 Radical
Paul Painlevé April 17 , 1925 November 28 , 1925 PRS
Aristide Briand November 28 , 1925 July 20 , 1926 PRS
Édouard Herriot July 20 , 1926 July 23 , 1926 Radical
Raymond Poincaré July 23 , 1926 July 29 , 1929 PDR
Aristide Briand July 29 , 1929 November 2 , 1929 PRS
André Tardieu November 2 , 1929 February 21 , 1930
Camille Chautemps February 21 , 1930 March 2 , 1930 Radical
André Tardieu March 2 , 1930 December 13 , 1930
Théodore Steeg December 13 , 1930 January 27 , 1931
Pierre Laval January 27 , 1931 February 20 , 1932
André Tardieu February 20 , 1932 June 3 , 1932
Édouard Herriot June 3 , 1932 December 18 , 1932 Radical
Joseph Paul-Boncour December 18 , 1932 January 31 , 1933 PDRS
Édouard Daladier January 31 , 1933 October 26 , 1933 Radical
Albert Sarraut October 26 , 1933 November 26 , 1933 Radical
Camille Chautemps November 26 , 1933 January 30 , 1934 Radical
Édouard Daladier January 30 , 1934 February 9 , 1934 Radical
Gaston Doumergue February 9 , 1934 November 8 , 1934 Radical
Pierre Étienne Flandin November 8 , 1934 June 1 , 1935
Fernand Bouisson June 1 , 1935 June 7 , 1935
Pierre Laval June 7 , 1935 January 24 , 1936
Albert Sarraut January 24 , 1936 June 4 , 1936 Radical
Léon Blum June 4 , 1936 June 22 , 1937 SFIO
Camille Chautemps June 22 , 1937 March 13 , 1938 Radical
Léon Blum March 13 , 1938 April 10 , 1938 SFIO
Édouard Daladier April 10 , 1938 March 21 , 1940 Radical
Paul Reynaud March 21 , 1940 June 16 , 1940 PDRS
Philippe Pétain June 16 , 1940 July 11 , 1940
Vichy France Pierre Laval (Vice Premier under Pétain)July 11 , 1940 December 13 , 1940
Pierre Étienne Flandin (Vice Premier under Pétain)December 13 , 1940 February 9 , 1941
François Darlan (Vice Premier under Pétain)February 9 , 1941 April 18 , 1942
Pierre Laval April 18 , 1942 August 17 , 1944
Provisional Government
Charles de Gaulle June 3 , 1944 January 26 , 1946 non-party
Félix Gouin January 26 , 1946 June 24 , 1946 SFIO
Georges Bidault June 24 , 1946 November 28 , 1946 MRP
Vincent Auriol November 28 , 1946 December 16 , 1946 SFIO
Léon Blum December 16 , 1946 January 16 , 1947 SFIO
Fourth Republic Paul Ramadier January 22 , 1947 November 24 , 1947 SFIO
Robert Schuman November 24 , 1947 July 26 , 1948 MRP
André Marie July 26 , 1948 September 5 , 1948 Radical
Robert Schuman September 5 , 1948 September 11 , 1948 MRP
Henri Queuille September 11 , 1948 October 28 , 1949 Radical
Georges Bidault October 28 , 1949 July 2 , 1950 MRP
Henri Queuille July 2 , 1950 July 12 , 1950 Radical
René Pleven July 12 , 1950 March 10 , 1951 UDSR
Henri Queuille March 10 , 1951 August 11 , 1951 Radical
René Pleven August 11 , 1951 January 20 , 1952 UDSR
Edgar Faure January 20 , 1952 March 8 , 1952 Radical
Antoine Pinay March 8 , 1952 January 8 , 1953 CNIP
René Mayer January 8 , 1953 June 27 , 1953 Radical
Joseph Laniel June 27 , 1953 June 18 , 1954 CNIP
Pierre Mendès-France June 18 , 1954 February 23 , 1955 Radical
Christian Pineau February 17 , 1955 February 19 , 1955 Radical
Edgar Faure February 23 , 1955 January 31 , 1956 Radical
Guy Mollet January 31 , 1956 June 12 , 1957 SFIO
Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury June 12 , 1957 November 6 , 1957 Radical
Félix Gaillard November 6 , 1957 May 13 , 1958 Radical
Pierre Pflimlin May 13 , 1958 June 1 , 1958 MRP
Charles de Gaulle June 1 , 1958 January 8 , 1959 UNR
Fifth Republic Michel Debré January 8 , 1959 April 14 , 1962 UNR
Georges Pompidou April 14 , 1962 July 10 , 1968 UNR
Maurice Couve de Murville July 10 , 1968 June 20 , 1969 UDR
Jacques Chaban-Delmas June 20 , 1969 July 6 , 1972 UDR
Pierre Messmer July 6 , 1972 May 27 , 1974 UDR
Jacques Chirac May 27 , 1974 August 26 , 1976 UDR
Raymond Barre August 26 , 1976 May 21 , 1981 UDF
Pierre Mauroy May 21 , 1981 July 17 , 1984 Socialist
Laurent Fabius July 17 , 1984 March 20 , 1986 Socialist
Jacques Chirac March 20 , 1986 May 10 , 1988 RPR
Michel Rocard May 10 , 1988 May 15 , 1991 Socialist
Édith Cresson May 15 , 1991 April 2 , 1992 Socialist
Pierre Bérégovoy April 2 , 1992 March 29 , 1993 Socialist
Édouard Balladur March 29 , 1993 May 18 , 1995 RPR
Alain Juppé May 18 , 1995 June 3 , 1997 RPR
Lionel Jospin June 3 , 1997 May 6 , 2002 Socialist
Jean-Pierre Raffarin May 6 , 2002 May 31 , 2005 UMP
Dominique de Villepin May 31 , 2005 May 15 , 2007 UMP
François Fillon May 17 , 2007 Incumbent
UMP
See also
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