Landgraviate of Hesse

Landgrafschaft Hessen Landgraviate of Hesse State of the Holy Roman Empire ← 1264 – 1567 →   →   →   → Flag Coat of arms Capital Kassel, Marburg Government Monarchy Landgrave  - 1264–1308 Henry I the Child  - 1509–1567 Philip I the Magnanimous Historical era Middle Ages, Reformation  - Partitioned from Thuringia 1264  - Partitioned in twain 1458–1500  - Partitioned in four 1567

The Landgraviate of Hesse (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen) was a Landgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a unity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided between the sons of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse.

History

In the early Middle Ages Hesse had been part of the landgraviate of Thuringia, but following the War of Thuringian Succession it was inherited by the younger son of Henry II, Duke of Brabant. Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse also calles Henry the Child became the first Landgrave of Hesse in 1246. Between 1458 and 1500 the landgraviate was divided in Upper Hesse and Lower Hesse. The Landgraviate rose to primary importance under Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse also called Philip the Magnanimous who embraced Protestantism in 1524 and thereafter took steps to create a protective alliance of protestant princes and powers. Upon the death of Philip I in 1567, the Landgraviate was divided between his sons from his first marriage into the:

• Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (later electorate of Hesse, 1567–1806 and 1813–66, incorporated in the kingdom of Prussia): William IV of Hesse
• Landgraviate of Hesse-Marburg (1567–1650, incorporated in the landgraviates of Hesse-Kassel and Hesse-Darmstadt): Louis IV of Hesse
• Landgraviate of Hesse-Rheinfels (1567–83, incorporated in the landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel): Philip II of Hesse
• Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (1567–1806, later Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Rhine 1806–1918, incorporated in the Weimar Republic): Georg of Hesse

See also

• Rulers of Hesse

External links

• Map of the Landgraviate of Hesse under Philip I the Magnanimous

•  • e Swabian League of the Holy Roman Empire (1331–1534)
Founders	Aalen • Augsburg • Biberach • Bopfingen • Dinkelsbühl • Donauwörth • Esslingen • Giengen • Heilbronn • Isny • Kaufbeuren • Kempten • Leutkirch • Lindau • Memmingen • Nördlingen • Pfullendorf • Ravensburg • Reutlingen • Schwäbisch Gmünd • Schwäbisch Hall • Überlingen • Ulm • Wangen • Weil • Wimpfen
Joined 1340	Cty Württemberg
Joined 1488	Mgvt Ansbach • Mgvt Baden • Dchy Bavaria • Mgvt Bayreuth • Electoral Palatinate • Lgvt Hesse • Abp Mainz • Abp Trier

•  • e Holy Roman Empire — Upper Rhenish Circle (1500–1806)
Ecclesiastical princes	Basel | Fulda | Heitersheim | Odenheim–Bruchsal | Prüm | Speyer | Strassburg | Weissenburg | Worms
Bench of Secular princes	Hersfeld | Hesse: Darmstadt, Kassel | Isenburg-Birstein | Kaiserslautern | Lorraine‡ | Nassau: Idstein, Ottweiler, Saarbrücken, Usingen, Weilburg | Salm-Kyrburg | Savoy | Simmern | Solms-Braunfels | Sponheim* | Veldenz and Lautereck | Waldeck* | Zweibrücken
Bench of Counts and Lords	Bretzenheim* | Dachstuhl* | Falkenstein* | Hanau: Lichtenberg†, Münzenberg† | Isenburg: Büdingen, Meerholz*, Wächtersbach* | Königstein: Mainz, Stolberg | Kriechingen | Leiningen: Hardenburg, Westerburg | Mensfelden* | Olbrück* | Reipoltskirchen* | Salm: Dhaun*, Grehweiler, Grumbach | Solms: Hohensolms, Laubach, Lich, Rödelheim | Wartenberg* | Wittgenstein: Berleburg, Wittgenstein
Bench of Cities	Frankfurt | Friedberg | Speyer | Straßburg | Wetzlar | Worms
* No seat in the Reichstag       † until 1736       ‡ Nomeny after 1737