Kōwa (Heian period)

Kowa (康和, Kowa^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Jōtoku and before Chōji. This period spanned the years from 1099 through 1104. The reigning emperor was Horikawa-tennō (堀河天皇, Horikawa-tennō^?).^[1]

Change of Era

• Kōwa 1 (康和元年, Kōwa 1^?); 1099: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Jōtoku 3, on the 28th day of the 8th month of 1099.^[2]

Events of the Kōwa Era

• Kōwa 1 (1099):

References

• Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien, c. 1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652]. Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Society of Great Britain and Ireland....Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
• Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection