John Wojtowicz

John Stanley Wojtowicz (Born on March 9, 1945 in New York, New York - Died on January 2 2006 in New York, New York) was an American bank robber whose story inspired the 1975 film Dog Day Afternoon. ^[1] Wojtowicz, who was bisexual, married his first wife, Carmen Bifulco, in 1967. They had two children, and separated in 1969. Wojtowicz met pre-operative transsexual Elizabeth Eden (then known as Ernest Aron) in 1971 at an Italian feast in New York City. Wojtowicz and Aron were married on December 4, 1971. Perhaps because of stress over his inability to afford sex reassignment surgery, Aron attempted suicide several times. Wojtowicz set on the path that made him famous after failing to procure funds for Aron's birthday on August 19, 1972. On August 20, 1972 Aron attempted suicide again. The following day, Wojtowicz went to the psychiatric ward to try to get Aron released but was told he would not be released until he was cured of his Gender Identity Problem. Wojtowicz assumed this meant either curing his homosexuality or receiving a sex change operation. On August 22, 1972, Wojtowicz, along with Sal Naturile and another man, attempted to rob a branch of the Chase Manhattan bank on the corner of East Third Street and Avenue P in Gravesend, Brooklyn. Wojtowicz and Naturile held seven Chase Manhattan bank employees hostage for 14 hours. Wojtowicz, a former bank teller, had some knowledge of bank operations. However, he apparently based his plan on scenes from the movie The Godfather, which he had seen earlier that day.^[2] The robbers became media celebrities in the hours they held their hostages. Wojtowicz was arrested, but Naturile was killed by the FBI during the final moments of the incident. According to Wojtowicz, he was offered a deal for pleading guilty which the court did not honor and on April 23, 1973, he was sentenced to 20 years in federal prison of which he served 14, being released on April 10, 1987. He made $7,500 selling the movie rights to the story, and helped finance Aron's sex reassignment surgery with these funds. Thus, Ernest Aron became Elizabeth Debbie Eden. In 1987, Time Magazine reported that Eden, 41, died of AIDS-related pneumonia in Rochester. Wojtowicz's story was used as the basis for the film Dog Day Afternoon. The movie was released in 1975, and starred Al Pacino as Wojtowicz (called "Sonny Wortzik" in the film), and John Cazale, Pacino's co-star in The Godfather, as Naturile. Aron, known as "Leon" in the film, was portrayed by actor Chris Sarandon.^[3] In 1975 John Wojtowicz wrote a letter to the New York Times out of concern that people would believe the movie version of the events which he said was only 30% accurate. Wojtowicz's main objection was the portrayal of his wife Carmen Bifulco as a plain overweight woman, which she was not, whose behavior led to his relationship with transsexual Ernest Aron when in fact he had left her two years before he met Aron. Other concerns he had that were fictionalized in the movie were that he never spoke to his mother and that the police refused to let him speak to his wife Carmen. In addition, the movie intimated that John 'sold out' Sal Naturile to the police, and although he claims this to be untrue, several attempts were made on John's life following an inmate screening of the movie. He did however praise Al Pacino and Chris Sarandon's characterizations of himself and "wife" Ernest Aron as accurate. In a 2006 interview, the screenwriter of the movie, Frank Pierson, said that he tried to visit John Wojtowicz in prison many times to get more details about his story when he wrote the screenplay but Wojtowicz refused each time to see him because he thought he was not paid enough money for the rights of his story.^[4] Wojtowicz was also the subject of two documentaries, The Third Memory in 2000 and Based on A True Story in 2005. In 2001, the New York Times reported that he was living on welfare in Brooklyn.^[5] Wojtowicz died of cancer on January 2, 2006.^[6][7]

References

External links

• Official site of Based on a True Story
• Based on a True Story at the Internet Movie Database
• The Third Memory at the Internet Movie Database
• Wojtowicz's comments on Dog Day Afternoon
• Liz Eden (Ernest Aron) Papers
• John Wojtowicz on the film
• John Wojtowicz's obituary with his photo
• Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator Results for John Stanley Wojtowicz